Anthropology of the North Pacific Rim

Turner, Mort D.; Fitzhugh, William W.; Chaussonnet, Valerie

doi:10.5479/sil.457772.39088007652720

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…First, if as the craniometric data suggest, there are genetically based, morphological differences between Paleo-and NeoAleut groups, are these reflected in dietary bone chemistry? This might be so, if the Neo-Aleut craniometric configuration represents an influx of people from areas such as Kodiak Island or other regions to the east known for complex hunting and gathering Fitzhugh and Chaussonnet (1994) and Keenleyside (1994)). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stable isotope chemistry, population histories and Late Prehistoric subsistence change in the Aleutian Islands

Byers

Yesner

Broughton

et al. 2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stable isotope chemistry, population histories and Late Prehistoric subsistence change in the Aleutian Islands

Byers

Yesner

Broughton

et al. 2011

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…The island chain was first occupied by at least 8700 BP (Laughlin et al 1979), and the oldest skeletal remains, recovered from the Chaluka village midden on Umnak Island, date to approximately 4000 BP (Turner 1974). The earliest radiocarbon dates are recorded in the eastern portion of the chain, primarily at Umnak Island [Anangula,8425 275 BP (Laughlin 1963;McCartney and Turner 1966); Sandy Beach Bay, 8045 390 BP (Aigner et al Fitzhugh and Chaussonnet (1994), Keenleyside (1994), The International Atlas (1977), and Hayes (2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring Population Continuity Versus Replacement with aDNA: A Cautionary Tale from the Aleutian Islands

Smith

Hayes²,

Cabana

et al. 2009

Human Biology

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“…The bulk of his study population consisted of inhumations from Chaluka Midden (Hrdlic ˇka 1945, 364-81) in Nikolski village on western Umnak Island and mummified remains from burial caves on Ship Rock and Kagamil Islands (Hrdlic ˇka 1945, 237-42, 325-26), the former uninhabited, little more than an imposing rock in the narrow pass between Umnak Figure 1. Map of study area and geographic location of Aleut skeletal samples (modified from Fitzhugh and Chaussonnet [1994], Keenleyside [1994], andMcNally [1977]).…”

Section: A Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Hrdlička’s Aleutian Population‐Replacement Hypothesis

Coltrain¹,

Hayes²,

O’Rourke³

2006

Current Anthropology

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In a 1945 monograph, Hrdlic ˇka argued that, at 1,000 BP, Paleo-Aleut people on Umnak Island were replaced by Neo-Aleut groups moving west along the island chain. His argument was based on cranial measurements of skeletal remains from Chaluka Midden and mummified remains from Kagamil and Ship Rock burial caves. By the 1980s, researchers had concluded that the transition demonstrated by Hrdlic ˇka, from a high oblong to a low-vaulted wide face, was merely one example of a global trend in cranial morphology and therefore population replacement had not occurred. Calibrated accelerator radiocarbon dates on purified bone collagen from 80 individuals indicate that Paleo-Aleuts were the oldest population in the Aleutians, with a time depth of ca. 4,000 years, that Paleo-and Neo-Aleuts were fully contemporary on Umnak Island after 1,000 BP, and that the former continued to bury their dead as inhumations long after the introduction of Neo-Aleut mummification practices. These results as well as features of the Aleut dietary, genetic, and material record suggest that the appearance of Neo-Aleut people represents an influx of closely related people characterized by greater social complexity and that social disparities that may have existed between Paleo-and Neo-Aleuts were largely subsumed in the social and demographic upheaval following Russian contact.The view that occupation of the Aleutian Islands was best characterized as a relatively unbroken, uniform adaptation to a rich marine environment has given way to the recognition that Aleut prehistory was significantly shaped by contact with the Alaska Peninsula and a complex of environmental variables unique to the island chain (e.g.,

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Anthropology of the North Pacific Rim

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

Stable isotope chemistry, population histories and Late Prehistoric subsistence change in the Aleutian Islands

Stable isotope chemistry, population histories and Late Prehistoric subsistence change in the Aleutian Islands

Inferring Population Continuity Versus Replacement with aDNA: A Cautionary Tale from the Aleutian Islands

Hrdlička’s Aleutian Population‐Replacement Hypothesis

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