Anthropometrically‐predicted visceral adipose tissue and mortality among men and women in the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III)

Brown, Justin C.; Harhay, Michael O.; Harhay, Meera N.

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22898

Cited by 37 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The analysis of NHANES data accounted for its complex survey design and were weighted to the non-institutionalized US population. 37 Cause of death in NHANES was determined by linking the data to the National Death Index. 37 Third, we calculated the percentage of incident CVD, stroke, CHD, and HF events that occurred among participants with SBP/DBP < 130/80 mm Hg and, separately, SBP/DBP < 150/100 mm Hg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 Cause of death in NHANES was determined by linking the data to the National Death Index. 37 Third, we calculated the percentage of incident CVD, stroke, CHD, and HF events that occurred among participants with SBP/DBP < 130/80 mm Hg and, separately, SBP/DBP < 150/100 mm Hg. Fourth, we determined the percentage of incident CVD events among participants with SBP/DBP < 140/90 mm Hg after excluding Hispanic and Chinese MESA participants, as the REGARDS study and JHS enrolled only black and white adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Adults With Blood Pressure <140/90 mm Hg

et al. 2017

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Background Data from before the 2000s indicate the majority of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events occur among US adults with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP)≥140/90 mmHg. Over the past several decades, BP declined and hypertension control has improved. Methods We estimated the percentage of incident CVD events that occur at SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg in a pooled analysis of three contemporary US cohorts: the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), and the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) (n=31,856; REGARDS=21,208; MESA=6,779; JHS=3,869). Baseline study visits were conducted in 2003–2007 for REGARDS, 2000–2002 for MESA, and 2000–2004 for JHS. BP was measured by trained staff using standardized methods. Antihypertensive medication use was self-reported. The primary outcome was incident CVD, defined by the first occurrence of fatal or non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, or heart failure. Events were adjudicated in each study. Results Over a mean follow-up of 7.7 years, 2,584 participants had incident CVD events. Overall, 63.0% (95%CI: 54.9%–71.1%) of events occurred in participants with SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg; 58.4% (95%CI: 47.7%–69.2%) and 68.1% (95%CI: 60.1%–76.0%) among those taking and not taking antihypertensive medication, respectively. The majority of events occurred in participants with SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg among those <65 years (66.7% 95%CI: 60.5%–73.0%) and ≥65 years (60.3% 95%CI: 51.0%–69.5%), women (61.4%; 95%CI: 49.9%–72.9%) and men (63.8%; 95%CI: 58.4%–69.1%), and for whites (68.7%; 95%CI: 66.1%–71.3%), blacks (59.0%; 95%CI: 49.5%-68.6%), Hispanics (52.7% 95%CI: 45.1%–60.4%) and Chinese-Americans (58.5%; 95%CI: 45.2%–71.8%). Among participants taking antihypertensive medication with SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg, 76.6% (95% CI: 75.8%–77.5%) were eligible for statin treatment but only 33.2% (95%CI: 32.1%–34.3%) were taking one and 19.5% (95%CI: 18.5%–20.5%) met the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial eligibility criteria and may benefit from a SBP target goal of 120 mmHg. Conclusions While higher BP levels are associated with increased CVD risk, in the modern era, the majority of incident CVD events occur in US adults with SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg. Although absolute risk and cost-effectiveness should be considered, additional CVD risk reduction measures for adults with SBP/DBP<140/90 mmHg at high risk for CVD may be warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Adults With Blood Pressure <140/90 mm Hg

et al. 2017

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“…Underlying cause of death was obtained from the death certificate. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, 96.1% of decedents and 99.4% of living participants were correctly classified with the probabilistic matching algorithm (Brown et al 2017). Details can be found elsewhere (National Center for Health Statistics 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IgG Antibodies against Periodontal Microbes and Cancer Mortality

Zhong

Jin

Zhang

et al. 2019

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

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Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition initiated by microorganisms and is positively linked to systemic conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To prospectively investigate associations between empirically derived clusters of IgG antibodies against 19 selected periodontal microorganisms and cancer mortality in a representative sample of the US population. Methods: We evaluated 6,491 participants aged ≥40 y from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988 to 1994), who had complete data on IgG antibody titers against 19 selected periodontal microorganisms and were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer. In a prior study, antibodies were categorized into 4 mutually exclusive groups via cluster analysis: red-green, orange-red, yellow-orange, and orange-blue. Cluster scores were estimated by summing z scores of the antibody titers making up each cluster. Participants were followed up to death until December 31, 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for all-cancer mortality by tertiles of cluster scores. Results: During follow-up for a median of 15.9 y, there were 2,702 deaths (31.3%), including 631 cancer-related deaths (8.1%). After adjusting for multiple confounders, the orange-blue cluster was inversely associated with cancer mortality (tertile 2 vs. tertile 1: HR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.84; tertile 3 vs tertile 1: HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.46 to 0.84). The association between the yellow-orange cluster and all-cancer mortality was also inverse but not significant, and the orange-red cluster and the red-green cluster were not associated with all-cancer mortality. Conclusions: Antibodies against Eubacterium nodatum and Actinomyces naeslundii may be novel predictors of cancer mortality. If further studies establish a causal relationship between these antibodies and cancer mortality, they could be targets to prevent possible systemic effects of periodontal disease with potential interventions to raise their levels. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Periodontal antibodies against Eubacterium nodatum and Actinomyces naeslundii were inversely associated with cancer mortality among adults followed up for an average of 16 y. Periodontal antibodies may predict cancer mortality.

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“…Men tend to store more visceral fat (around their internal organs), leading to obesity around the middle of their abdomen (belly fat) (Cannon et al 2018). However, women tend to store more subcutaneous fat within the buttocks and thighs (Brown et al 2017). These differences are due to the sex hormones produced by males and females (Canoy 2010).…”

Section: Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological process of fat loss

2019

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Background: Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue composed of adipocytes. Recently, this tissue has been recognized as a major endocrine organ. The physiological process of fat loss occurs when fats are liberated from adipocytes into circulation to supply the needed energy. Nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism, impair fat absorption, increase weight loss, and increase fat oxidation during exercise are known as fat burners. A good fat burner must burn the stored fats, break down the fat cells, and increase the metabolic rate. Eating thermogenic foods helps burn fats. Fat flush diet comes to repair the damage that resulted from ingested and environmental toxins stored in adipocytes. Aim of work:This review will focus on the recent advances in fat burning supplements, fat burning foods, and fat flash diet. Conclusion:The human body can act as a fat-burning machine by depending on low-calorie foods instead of high-calorie foods in addition to doing regular exercise, avoiding toxins and processed food, and applying any fat flush dietary program under the approval of a professional doctor. What's new in this review is that it may orient our attention to the importance of using natural fat burners in the fat burning process in an attempt to avoid medications that have many side effects by targeting other organs and it also gives an idea of the importance of increasing the brown adipose tissue content because its activation could be linked to a feeling of being full. We need further studies in this context.

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Anthropometrically‐predicted visceral adipose tissue and mortality among men and women in the third national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES III)

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Adults With Blood Pressure <140/90 mm Hg

Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Adults With Blood Pressure <140/90 mm Hg

Serum IgG Antibodies against Periodontal Microbes and Cancer Mortality

Physiological process of fat loss

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