Anti-angiogenesis Potential of Phytochemicals for the Therapeutic Management of Tumors

Abstract

The role of angiogeneses during the growth and progression of tumors is well documented. Likewise, a balance is generally maintained between the cellular proliferation and the apoptosis, therefore, the tumors can persist for years in a dormant phase. During the past few years, many hypotheses have been proposed relating to the importance of tumor angiogenesis for the development and spread of tumors and preventive or therapeutic capacity of angiogenesis inhibitors as a potential target for controlling the growth of cancerous tissue. The antiangiogenic based therapeutic approaches are considered as the most promising method for the control of tumors, as this therapeutic approach is less likely to attain the drug resistance. Further, the tumor vasculature is an important prognostic marker that can independently predict the pathological stages as well as the metastatic potential of tumors. Various biologically active phytochemicals have been extracted from the dietary sources and the plants that have engaged the scientist and pharmaceutical industries around the globe. The antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic potential of these bioactive phytochemicals is evident from the in vitro studies using cell lines and investigations involving the animal models..The present review is focused on the promising role of anti-angiogenesis-based therapies for the management of tumors and the recent developments relating to the interplay of phytochemicals and angiogenesis for the suppression of tumor cells.

Vasculogenic mimicry in carcinogenesis and clinical applications

“…Anti-angiogenic molecules such as VEGFR1, thrombospondins, and semaphorins could antagonize pro-angiogenic molecules such as VEGF and Ang2. The current anti-angiogenic drugs such as bevacizumab, sunitinib, sorafenib, aflibercept, axitinib, pazopanib, and regorafenib are applied to the treatment of tumor patients [30,[108][109][110]. However, antiangiogenic drugs cannot effectively stop the neovascularization process because hypoxia promotes the formation of VM, and the formation of VM could reduce the therapeutic effect.…”

Using of Animal Models of Angiogenesis to Confirm a Bidens pilosa-Sourced Polyacetylenic Glucoside Inhibits Angiogenesis Targeting Hypoxia through VEGF and PDIA4 Suppression

“…were screened for cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy [7,44,58]. There are many consistencies on tumor types and progression between bet animals and human.…”

"Recent Advancement on Experimentally Proven Phytopharmaceuticals that Inhibit Vasculature Development, Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis"

“…It has been observed that the growth and progression of cancerous tumours beyond a certain size require pathogenic angiogenesis, and therefore angiogenesis inhibition can prove to be an effective strategy in cancer management [246,247]. Typically, the focus on cancer management by angiogenesis inhibition in the recent past has been to develop inhibitors against its stimulant molecules like VEGFR-2, protease inhibitors, etc.…”