Anti-biofilm and remineralization effects of chitosan hydrogel containing amelogenin-derived peptide on initial caries lesions

Abstract

In this study, we have designed a more clinically powerful anti-caries treatment by applying the amelogenin-derived peptide QP5 to the antibacterial carrier material chitosan in a hydrogel (CS-QP5 hydrogel), and characterized its effects on the inhibition of a cariogenic biofilm and the promotion of the remineralization of the initial caries lesions. The results indicated that the CS-QP5 hydrogel sustainably inhibited the growth of the Streptococcus mutans biofilm, lactic acid production and the metabolic activity over a prolonged period of time. Moreover, the CS-QP5 hydrogel promoted the remineralization of early enamel lesions, which were indicated by surface micro-hardness (, polarized light microscopy and transverse microradiography. In conclusion, the CS-QP5 hydrogel shows good potential for caries control in the clinic because of its antibacterial effects as well as the remineralization of initial enamel carious lesions even in a biofilm model over a prolonged period of time.

Chitosan-Based Extrafibrillar Demineralization for Dentin Bonding

“…Bearing positive surfaces charges, chitosan possesses antimicrobial properties against oral pathogens and biofilms (Arancibia et al 2013; Costa et al 2014) but exhibits low toxicity toward mammalian cells (Kong et al 2010). Hence, chitosan and its derivatives have been used as wound repair materials in bone/periodontal tissue regeneration (Kmiec et al 2017) and as experimental caries prevention materials (Ren et al 2018; Zhang et al 2018).…”

The dual anti‐caries effect of carboxymethyl chitosan nanogel loaded with chimeric lysin ClyR and amorphous calcium phosphate

“…The ClyR combined with CMC is more likely to adhere to teeth than ClyR solution, and this can be ascribed to the adhesive property of CMC [22]. Like chitosan, CMC also can form a film on teeth [22,23,53]. While CMC enhanced the anti‐biofilm effect, the addition of ACP also made a difference, which is in line with numerous studies demonstrating that ACP can be used for inhibition of enamel demineralization [30–32].…”

“…The ClyR combined with CMC is more likely to adhere to teeth than ClyR solution, and this can be ascribed to the adhesive property of CMC [22]. Like chitosan, CMC also can form a film on teeth [22,23,53].…”

“…Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan, has a wide range of applications in adsorption, drug delivery, and biomedicine [19][20][21]. Because the properties of CMC increase the exposure time of drugs in the oral environments, provide sustained drug release, and minimize the degradation of drugs, this substance is a candidate vehicle [22,23]. Examples of CMC loaded with various drugs include CMC-Ag, CMC-ornidazole, and CMC-ßcyclodextrin [24][25][26].…”

Effect of the Incorporation of Chitosan and TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Shear Bond Strength of an Orthodontic Adhesive: An In Vitro Study

“…Mohire and Yadav 25 showed that chitosan-containing polyherbal toothpaste had a satisfactory antibacterial activity and significantly reduced the plaque index. Ren et al 26 demonstrated that chitosan hydrogel containing amelogenin-derived peptide could inhibit an S. mutans biofilm and promote the remineralization of initial enamel caries, even in a biofilm model over a prolonged period of time. Carpio-Perochena et al 27 found that chitosan NPs could be applied as a final irrigant during the root canal treatment with the dual benefit of removing the smear layer and inhibiting bacterial recolonization on the root dentin.…”