Anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise-conditioned human serum: evidence, relevance and opportunities

Metcalfe, Richard S.; Kemp, Rachael; Heffernan, Shane M.; Churm, Rachel; Chen, Yung-Chih; Ruffino, José Sofia; Conway, Gillian E; Tornillo, Giusy; Orange, Samuel T.

doi:10.1007/s00421-021-04680-x

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The plasma collected from highly conditioned young men, but not from low-PF individuals, decreased the PC3 cell viability and lowered cell proliferation. These results are in line with the results previously reported by a series of systematic reviews and meta-analysis recently published, which demonstrated the anticarcinogenic potential of peripheral blood factors of exercised individuals ( Metcalfe et al, 2021 ; Soares et al, 2021 ). The regular practice of exercise leads to chronic adaptations that reduce cancer risk through changes in cancer risk circulating biomarkers ( Friedenreich et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Older Adults After Exercise Training: An Exploratory Study

et al. 2022

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Aim: To evaluate the impact of exercise training plasma on in vitro prostate cancer cell viability and proliferation.Methods: PC3 prostate cancer cells were incubated with plasma obtained from young men with high and low physical fitness (PF) (high PF, n = 5; low PF, n = 5) and with the plasma collected from institutionalized older adults (n = 8) before and after multimodal exercise training. Cell viability and proliferation, mitochondria membrane polarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and apoptosis were evaluated after the cell treatment with plasma. Systemic cytokines were evaluated in the plasma of institutionalized older adults submitted to an exercise training protocol.Results: Plasma from high-PF men lowers both cell viability and proliferation after the incubation time. PC3 cells also presented lower cell viability and diminished rates of cell proliferation after the incubation with post-training plasma samples of the older adults. The incubation of PC3 cells with post-training plasma of older adults depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Post-training plasma did not change apoptosis or necrosis rates in the PC3 cell line. Multimodal exercise training increased the plasma levels of IL-2, IL-10, IFN-α, and FGF-1 and decreased TNF-α concentrations in institutionalized older adults.Conclusion: Adaptations in blood factors of institutionalized older adults may alter cell viability and proliferation by targeting mitochondrial ROS in a prostate cancer cell line.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Older Adults After Exercise Training: An Exploratory Study

et al. 2022

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“…Regular release of muscle-derived anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-15), linked with the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α), have been purported to play important roles in the beneficial effects of exercise on immunity [75,78,79]. Indeed, there is growing evidence suggesting an anti-carcinogenic effect of exercise through direct changes in circulating proteins, RNA molecules and metabolites [80].…”

Section: Exercise Is Beneficial For Immunological Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Jimeno-Almazán

Pallarés

Buendía-Romero

et al. 2021

IJERPH

263

163

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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, is leading to unknown and unusual health conditions that are challenging to manage. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is one of those challenges, having become increasingly common as the pandemic evolves. The latest estimates suggest that 10 to 20% of the SARS-CoV-2 patients who undergo an acute symptomatic phase are experiencing effects of the disease beyond 12 weeks after diagnosis. Although research is beginning to examine this new condition, there are still serious concerns about the diagnostic identification, which limits the best therapeutic approach. Exercise programs and physical activity levels are well-known modulators of the clinical manifestations and prognosis in many chronic diseases. This narrative review summarizes the up-to-date evidence on post-COVID-19 syndrome to contribute to a better knowledge of the disease and explains how regular exercise may improve many of these symptoms and could reduce the long-term effects of COVID-19.

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“…Early preclinical evidence shows that the systemic responses to exercise can regulate cancer cell proliferation in vitro 15,16 . Indeed, our recent meta‐analysis demonstrated that stimulating a range of cancer cell lines with human serum obtained immediately after exercise reduces cell proliferation by ≈9% 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute aerobic exercise‐conditioned serum reduces colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro through interleukin‐6‐induced regulation of DNA damage

Orange

Jordan

Odell

et al. 2022

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Epidemiological evidence shows that regular physical activity is associated with reduced risk of primary and recurrent colon cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of action are poorly understood. We evaluated the effects of stimulating a human colon cancer cell line (LoVo) with human serum collected before and after an acute exercise bout vs nonexercise control serum on cancer cell proliferation. We also measured exercise-induced changes in serum cytokines and intracellular protein expression to explore potential biological mechanisms. Blood samples were collected from 16 men with lifestyle risk factors for colon cancer (age ≥50 years; body mass index ≥25 kg/m 2 ; physically inactive) before and immediately after an acute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic interval exercise (6 Â 5 minutes intervals at 60% heart rate reserve) and a nonexercise control condition. Stimulating LoVo cells with serum obtained immediately after exercise reduced cancer cell proliferation compared to control (À5.7%; P = .002). This was accompanied by a decrease in LoVo cell γ-H2AX expression (À24.6%; P = .029), indicating a reduction in DNA damage. Acute exercise also increased serum IL-6 (24.6%, P = .002). Furthermore, stimulating LoVo cells with recombinant IL-6 reduced γ-H2AX expression (β = À22.7%; P < .001) and cell proliferation (β = À5.3%; P < .001) in a linear dose-dependent manner, mimicking the effect of exercise. These findings suggest that the systemic responses to acute aerobic exercise inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and this may be driven by IL-6-induced regulation of DNA damage and repair. This mechanism of action may partly underlie epidemiological associations linking regular physical activity with reduced colon cancer risk.

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Anti-carcinogenic effects of exercise-conditioned human serum: evidence, relevance and opportunities

Cited by 20 publications

References 107 publications

Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Older Adults After Exercise Training: An Exploratory Study

Potential Anticarcinogenic Effects From Plasma of Older Adults After Exercise Training: An Exploratory Study

Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and the Potential Benefits of Exercise

Acute aerobic exercise‐conditioned serum reduces colon cancer cell proliferation in vitro through interleukin‐6‐induced regulation of DNA damage

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