Anti-diabetic activity of chromium picolinate and biotin in rats with type 2 diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-diabetic effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) and biotin supplementations in type 2 diabetic rats. The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin. The rats were divided into five groups as follows: (1) non-diabetic rats fed a regular diet; (2) diabetic rats fed a HFD; (3) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with CrPic (80 mg/kg body weight (BW) per d); (4) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with biotin (300 mg/kg BW per d); (5) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with both CrPic and biotin. Circulating glucose, cortisol, total cholesterol, TAG, NEFA and malondialdehyde concentrations decreased (P, 0·05), but serum insulin concentrations increased (P,0·05) in diabetic rats treated with biotin and CrPic, particularly with a combination of the supplements. Feeding a HFD to diabetic rats decreased PPAR-g expression in adipose tissue and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1) expression of liver, kidney and muscle tissues, while the supplements increased (P, 0·001) PPAR-g and p-IRS-1 expressions in relevant tissues. Expression of NF-kB in the liver and kidney was greater in diabetic rats fed a HFD, as compared with rats fed a regular diet (P, 0·01). The supplements decreased the expression of NF-kB in diabetic rats (P,0·05). Results of the present study revealed that supplementing CrPic and biotin alone or in a combination exerts anti-diabetic activities, probably through modulation of PPAR-g, IRS-1 and NF-kB proteins.

Effect of Chromium Picolinate and Melatonin either in Single or in a Combination in Alloxan Induced Male Wistar Rats

“…Subsequently as a result relatively normal glomerulus of kidney was observed. These findings are consistent with other studies [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] suggesting that improving insulin resistance enhances the uptake of glucose at insulin sensitive tissues. It has been proposed that Cr application can modulate the activity of insulin at the insulin sensitive tissues [17].…”

“…Supplements like chromium picolinate (CrPic) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] when given to diabetic humans and diabetic rats have been reported to reduce blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), and Triacylglycerols (TAGs), increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and improve antioxidant capacity in diabetics by insulin resistance attenuation. Melatonin (Mel) is secreted by the pineal gland and extra pineal sources are retina, cerebellum, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas [24].…”

The Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on the Pancreas and Macroangiopathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Rats

“…It is promising in therapy application because it can increase the activity of insulin and slow down the development of diabetes mellitus [29]. In the present study, the T2DM model was induced by STZ; STZ liberates toxic amounts of nitric oxide that inhibits aconitase activity and participates in DNA damage [30].…”

Curcumin prevents muscle damage by regulating NF-kB and Nrf2 pathways and improves performance: an in vivo model

“…NF-kB, inhibitors of kappa B (I-κB), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1), SIRT1, Nrf2, HO-1, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) levels were analyzed by Western blot 17. Samples were analyzed in quadruplicates for each experimental condition, and protein levels were determined densitometrically using an image analysis system (ImageJ; National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).…”