Anti-hyperglycemic effect of Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd (Fabaceae) seed extract and its effect on lipid profile, and hepatic and renal biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd (Fabaceae) lyophilized extract on various biomarkers of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
 Methods: Adult male rats (36) were divided into 6 groups, viz, normal control (NC), diabetes control (DC), and treatment groups. Experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin. Blood samples were taken from the tail veins daily for 25 days. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels of rats were determined. The rats were sacrificed and blood, kidney and liver were taken for biochemical analysis.
 Results: Blood glucose decreased in DC groups compared to NC group (p ≤ 0.05). In diabetic extract groups, glycated Hb decreased compared to DC group (p ≤ 0.05). Alpha glucosidase activity was reduced in all treatment groups compared to DC group (p ≤ 0.05). Only triglyceride levels of diabetes extract (400 mg/mL) group decreased compared to DC (p ≤ 0.05). Total cholesterol levels fell compared to NC and DC groups (p ≤ 0.05). Low density lipoprotein was lower compared to NC (p ≤ 0.05), while aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels rose in diabetic extract groups compared to NC, but fell in some diabetic extract groups compared to DC group (p ≤ 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase decreased in all diabetic extract groups compared to NC and DC (p ≤ 0.05). Serum urea and creatinine levels were higher in diabetic extract groups compared to NC, but decreased in DC group (p ≤ 0.05).
 Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that Vicia ervilia lyophilized extract haas positive effects on blood glucose and biochemical parameters in diabetic rats compared to DC of V. ervilia seed extract.