Anti-Hypertensive Activity of Novel Peptides Identified from Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Surimi

Abstract

There is a growing interest in the health benefits of functional foods. A benefit that has been long sought is the control of hypertension through dietary approaches. Hypertension has been implicated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is therefore of clinical significance. Here, we aim to demonstrate the antihypertensive activity of novel peptides derived from surimi, a functional food ingredient made from refined fish myofibrillar proteins. Three peptides, Ile-Val-Asp-Arg (IVDR), Trp-Tyr-Lys (WYK), and Val-Ala-Ser-Val-Ile (VASVI), were isolated from surimi made from the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Our results show that IVDR, WYK, and VASVI exhibited high Angiotensin I-converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibition activity. These peptides are also shown to increase phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and significantly promote nitric oxide (NO) production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Oral administration of the peptides decreased blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), thereby confirming that the peptides derived from surimi perform antihypertensive activity via the Akt/eNOS pathway. These results indicate that surimi made from P. olivaceus contains novel antihypertensive peptides that could be used to enhance the health benefits of food ingredients.

Utility of a Hydrolysate from Overproduced Paralichthys olivaceus for Hypertension Treatment: Correlation between Physical Properties and Potent Anti-Hypertensive Activities

“…Therefore, the management and initial control of blood pressure (BP) could help minimize the risk of outbreak of hypertension. Recent research with animals revealed that marine fish hydrolysate and its bioactive peptide have strong angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in vitro and exponentially ameliorate blood pressure [9,[17][18][19][20]. However, most studies on marine fish hydrolysate have focused on their biological properties and adopted single-…”

“…Recent research with animals revealed that marine fish hydrolysate and its bioactive peptide have strong angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in vitro and exponentially ameliorate blood pressure [9,[17][18][19][20]. However, most studies on marine fish hydrolysate have focused on their biological properties and adopted single-enzyme-assisted hydrolysis to collect fish hydrolysates.…”

Recent findings on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of novel food-derived antihypertensive peptides

“…Recent studies have revealed several bioactive peptides which manage hypertension and cardiovascular disease through the interaction and regulation of eNOS and its associative kinases, probably showing better biosafety and bioavailability profile than standard small molecule drugs ( Cicero, Fogacci, & Colletti, 2017 ). A recent study conducted by Oh and colleagues investigated for bioactive peptides with antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory activities for from Olive flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) ( Oh et al, 2020a , Oh et al, 2020b ) . Three bioactive peptides, VASVI, IVDR, WYK were found to significantly increase the level of nitric oxide in the HUVECs cell line.…”

“…Three bioactive peptides, VASVI, IVDR, WYK were found to significantly increase the level of nitric oxide in the HUVECs cell line. More so, there was a significant improvement in the expression of eNOS and protein kinase B (Akt) ( Oh et al, 2020a , Oh et al, 2020b ). Similarly, another study on Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba) reported bioactive peptides (WF, YRK, and FQLFAS) with activities to improve the hypotensive marker– approximately 33% increase in NO and about 50 percent decrease in endothelin-1 (ET-1).…”

“…Furthermore, many dietary proteins reduce blood pressure by increasing nitric oxide availability and inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end-products and insulin resistance ( Ghatage, Goyal, Dhar, & Bhat, 2021 ). Among the natural products being screened as potential sources of antihypertensive agents, food proteins, their hydrolysates and peptides isolated from them with antihypertensive properties are dominating ( Kaur et al, 2021 , Oh et al, 2020a , Oh et al, 2020b ). Generally, the exposure of unique side chains of amino acids in peptides encrypted in proteins during hydrolysis have been shown to increase their biological functionality.…”