Anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoid derivates

Abstract

Background and purpose: Flavonoids are a group of phytochemicals found abundantly in various plants. Scientific evidence has revealed that flavonoids display potential biological activities, including their ability to alleviate inflammation. This activity is closely related to their action in blocking the inflammatory cascade and inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory factors. However, as flavonoids typically have poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile, it is quite challenging to establish these compounds as a drug. Nevertheless, progressive advancements in drug delivery systems, particularly in nanotechnology, have shown promising approaches to overcome such challenges. Review approach: This narrative review provides an overview of scientific knowledge about the mechanism of action of flavonoids in the mitigation of inflammatory reaction prior to delivering a comprehensive discussion about the opportunity of the nanotechnology-based delivery system in the preparation of the flavonoid-based drug. Key results: Various studies conducted in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials have deciphered that the anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids are closely linked to their ability to modulate various biochemical mediators, enzymes, and signalling pathways involved in the inflammatory processes. This compound could be encapsulated in nanotechnology platforms to increase the solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacological activity of flavonoids as well as reduce the toxic effects of these compounds. Conclusion: in Summary, we conclude that flavonoids and their derivates have given promising results in their development as new anti-inflammatory drug candidates, especially if they formulate in nanoparticles.

Actividad antiinflamatoria de psidium guineense SW en la mucosa bucal de ratas BIOU: Wistar

“…La presencia de compuestos flavonoides, fenoles, taninos y saponinas demostrada en el presente estudio mediante el análisis fitoquímico del extracto hidroetanólico de las hojas de P. guineense Sw (TABLA 1), explica el efecto antiinflamatorio observado. Los flavonoides son metabolitos secundarios comu-nes en el reino vegetal considerados sustancias bioactivas, relativamente no tóxicas, que presentan gran variedad de efectos farmacológicos incluyendo la actividad antiinflamatoria, debida a que interfieren en las vías de señalización de la reacción inflamatoria sobre enzimas claves como las ciclooxigenasas, con la consecuente inhibición de la liberación mediadores proinflamatorios 38 . De igual forma, a los compuestos fenólicos, como los taninos y a las saponinas, se les describe la propiedad antiinflamatoria, además del efecto antineoplásico y hepatoprotector 39 .…”

“…L a inflamación es una respuesta protectora del organismo ante un estímulo físico, químico, biológico o infeccioso. El proceso inflamatorio involucra la activación del sistema inmune y la subsecuente liberación de mediadores endógenos que desencadenan la aparición de un estado reactivo de hiperemia y exudación de los vasos sanguíneos, caracterizado por enrojecimiento, calor, edema y dolor 1 .…”

Tempeh-Based Supplement Decreases Blood Glucose Levels Through Inhibiting Rage and NF-κB Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice Model

“…iNOS and COX-2). The presence of these proteins plays an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes as well as its micro-and macrovascular complications [8][9][10][11] .…”