Anti-inflammatory activity of Nerium indicum by inhibition of prostaglandin E2 in murine splenic lymphocytes

Abstract

Objective:Nerium indicum Mill (syn. N. oleander L. and N. odorum Aiton; family: Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant, used in the treatment of diverse ailments including various chronic inflammatory diseases in traditional medicine. We have previously demonstrated the immunomodulatory activity of a bioactive fraction of Nerium indicum leaf (NILE) by studying up-regulation of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-10, interferon-gamma and down regulation of IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 activities. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of NILE by inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) activity in murine splenic lymphocytes in vitro.Materials and Methods:Murine lymphocytes were isolated from spleen and stimulated with 5 ΅g/mL concanavalin A in RPMI-1640, supplemented with 50 U/mL penicillin, 50 U/mL streptomycin, 50 U/mL nystatin and 10% fetal bovine serum. Different concentrations (0–80 μg/mL) of NILE were added and the cells were cultured for 48 h. The culture supernatants were thereafter collected by centrifugation and assayed for expression of PGE2 level. The data were analyzed statistically.Results:The results demonstrated a 2.26-fold inhibition of PGE2 level at 80 μg/mL of NILE. Half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated to be 44.95 ± 0.45 ΅g/mL. Linear correlation analysis of the dose-dependent PGE2 inhibition with other pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators demonstrated high inter-correlation between the parameters.Conclusions:Thus, the present study remains in accordance with our previous report and confirms the anti-inflammatory claim of N. indicum, mentioned in the traditional medicine.

Haloalkane induced hepatic insult in murine model: amelioration by Oleander through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, an in vitro and in vivo study

“…In a preliminary study, Erdemoglu et al [50] demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of oleander leaves. Moreover, the 70 % hydro-methanolic extract of oleander leaves were demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory activities by modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine levels accompanied by inhibition of NO, COX and PGE 2 levels in concanavalin A activated murine splenic lymphocytes [15, 16]. In the present study, CCl 4 toxicity resulted significant ( p  < 0.001) increase in TNF-α and NO levels, which were subsequently lowered by the oleander extracts.…”

“…Moreover, another recent study showed that N. indicum leaf extract attenuates CCl 4 mediated hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mouse [14]. Simultaneously, the same 70 % hydro-methanolic extract of oleander leaf possess anti-inflammatory activities by modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, inhibition of cyclooxygenase, prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and nitric oxide levels in mitogen induced splenic lymphocytes [15, 16]. Moreover, diverse pharmacognostic activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, antinociceptive, neuroprotective, anti-ulcer, anti-cancer etc.…”

Effective management Alopecia totalis by Ayurveda – A case report

“…Dey P et al have demonstrated that Nerium Indicum (Karaveera) has demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting PGE2 expression in murine lymphocytes. This is possibly due to the suppression of NO, TNF-, and COX activity and an increase in IL-10 levels, as well as immunomodulatory activity by up-regulating IL-2, IFN-, and IL-10 expression and down-regulating IL-4, TNF-, in vitro [ 32 , 35 ].…”