Anti-inflammatory Activity of Stachys Pilifera Benth

Abstract

Background:Stachys piliferaBenth has long been used to treat infectious diseases as well as respiratory and rheumatoid disorders in Iranian folk medicine. Antioxidants, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties of the plant have been reported.Objectives:This experimental study was designed to evaluate systemic and topical anti-inflammatory effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract from aerial parts of Stachys pilifera (HESP).Materials and Methods:Anti-inflammatory effects of HESP was studied in four well-known animal models of inflammation, including carrageenan- or formalin-induced paw edema in rat (thirteen groups, 6 rats per each group), and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)- or xylene-induced ear edema in mouse (ten groups, 6 mice per each group). The rats received HESP (50-400 mg/ kg) orally 45 minutes before the subplantar injection of carrageenan or formalin. In TPA or xylene tests, HESP (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/ear) was applied topically simultaneous with these phlogistic agents on the ear mice. Finally, pathological examination of the inflamed tissues (paw and ear) was carried out.Results:Acute toxicity study of the extract showed that no rats were killed at 5000 mg/kg (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). The extract (100 and 200 mg/ kg) significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after carrageenan challenge in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001). The HESP (100 and 200 mg/kg) also produced a considerable antiedematogenic effect in the formalin test over a period of 24 hours (P < 0.01). Furthermore, topical administration of the HESP (1, 2.5, and 5 mg/ear) inhibited TPA- and xylene-induced ear edema in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001). The pathological analysis of the paws and ears revealed that HESP was capable of reducing tissue destruction, cellular infiltration, and subcutaneous edema induced by the indicated phlogistic agents.Conclusions:The present data confirmed systemic and topical anti-inflammatory effects of Stachys pilifera which is comparable to indomethacin.

Hepatoprotective effect of Stachys pilifera ethanol extract in carbon tetrachloride-induce hepatotoxicity in rats

“…2011 ; Sadeghi et al. 2014 ). In view of this, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of the Stachys pilifera ethanol extract in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.…”

Nephroprotective Effect of Nasturtium Officinale (Watercress) Ethanol Extract and Vitamin E on Vancomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

“…For preparation of hydroalcoholic extract, the powdered parts of the plant (300 g) were macerated with 2000 mL of EtOH-H 2 O (7:3) at 45°C for 48 hours. Then the extract was shaken, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure in a rotary evaporator at 60°C and dried at room temperature (24). The resulting extract as a percentage of the used dried powder of the plant was approximately 23.6%.…”

Topical Co-Delivery of Indomethacin and Nigella Sativa L. Essential Oil in Poly- -Caprolactone Nanoparticles: In Vivo Study of Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

“…Indeed, inflammation inducers cause cell membranes phospholipase A 2 activation that would trigger the release of arachidonic acid and inflammatory mediators (cytokines, serotonin, histamine, prostaglandin and leukotrienes), which facilitate leukocytes migration to the inflammation site (Sarkhel, 2016). The release of products such as histamine, bradykinin, serotonin, and cyclooxygenase (COX) is linked with the first phase of inflammation (0-1 h), whereas prostaglandins release, oxygen-derived free radicals production and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) infiltration is related to the late phase of oedema (Sadeghi et al, 2014). Globally, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the mostly prescribed drugs classes.…”