Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of Tamarindus indica seeds

Hivrale, M.G.; Bandawane, D. D.; Mali, A. A.

doi:10.1007/s13596-013-0116-4

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Rimbau et al revealed the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of different extracts of tamarind fruit pulp in mice ear oedema induced by arachidonic acid, and rats sub plantar oedema induced by carrageenan [ 43 ]. Moreover, the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of seeds of T. indica showed a significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential using carrageenan-induced paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma models in rats [ 44 ]. Among the major compounds in the n -hexane extract of T. indica’s various organs were lupenone and sitosterol, which were reported for their anti-inflammatory activity [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolic Study of Tamarindus indica L.’s Various Organs Based on GC/MS Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities

Aly

Hassab²,

Elhady

et al. 2022

Plants

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The chemical composition of the n-hexane extract of Tamarindus indica’s various organs— bark, leaves, seeds, and fruits (TIB, TIL, TIS, TIF)—was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. A total of 113 metabolites were identified, accounting for 93.07, 83.17, 84.05, and 85.08 % of the total identified components in TIB, TIL, TIS, and TIF, respectively. Lupeol was the most predominant component in TIB and TIL, accounting for 23.61 and 22.78%, respectively. However, n-Docosanoic acid (10.49%) and methyl tricosanoate (7.09%) were present in a high percentage in TIS. However, α-terpinyl acetate (7.36%) and α-muurolene (7.52%) were the major components of TIF n-hexane extract. By applying a principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchal cluster analysis (HCA) to GC/MS-based metabolites, a clear differentiation of Tamarindus indica organs was achieved. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, the wound healing potential for the n-hexane extract of various plant organs was assessed using the in-vitro wound scratch assay using Human Skin Fibroblast cells. The tested extracts showed considerable anti-inflammatory and wound-healing activities. At a concentration of 10 µg/mL, TIL showed the highest nitric oxide (NO) inhibition by 53.97 ± 5.89%. Regarding the wound healing potential, after 24 h, TIB, TIL, TIS, and TIF n-hexane extracts at 10 g/mL reduced the wound width to 1.09 ± 0.04, 1.12 ± 0.18, 1.09 ± 0.28, and 1.41 ± 0.35 mm, respectively, as compared to the control cells (1.37 ± 0.15 mm). These findings showed that the n-hexane extract of T. indica enhanced wound healing by promoting fibroblast migration. Additionally, a docking study was conducted to assess the major identified phytoconstituents’ affinity for binding to glycogen synthase kinase 3-β (GSK3-β), matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8), and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Lupeol showed the most favourable binding affinity to GSK3-β and iNOS, equal to −12.5 and −13.7 Kcal/mol, respectively, while methyl tricosanoate showed the highest binding affinity with MMP-8 equal to −13.1 Kcal/mol. Accordingly, the n-hexane extract of T. indica’s various organs can be considered a good candidate for the management of wound healing and inflammatory conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolic Study of Tamarindus indica L.’s Various Organs Based on GC/MS Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities

Aly

Hassab²,

Elhady

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…In another in vivo study, the petroleum ether seed extracts and the ethyl acetate fraction of T. indica seeds significantly ( p < 0.01) increased latency to tail flick in the tail immersion method in Wistar rats, and elevated the mean basal reaction time in the hot plate method at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight 37 . Similarly, the methanolic seed extract of T. indica significantly ( p < 0.01) reduced carrageenan induced paw edema in Wistar albino rats at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight 37 and also showed a significant anti-inflammatory and central analgesic activity ( p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in rat models 39 . In an in vivo study using albino wistar rats based on the hot plate method and acetic acid induced writhing test, the aqueous root extract of T. indica exhibited 74.83% pain inhibition and 54.33% percent protection from pain caused by acetic acid respectively at 200 mg/kg body weight compared to the analgesic standard drugs (pentazocine and Asprin) with percentage of 89.82% and 68.50% respectively at same concentration; an indication of T. indica potent analgesic principles acting within the prostaglandin pathways 40 .…”

Section: Tamarindus Indica Linnmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In fact, 95% ethanolic seed extract of T. indica was observed to be a potent agent for reducing levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and arthritis-mediated cartilage and bone degradation in adult Wistar rats at a dosage range of 25–50 mg/kg per day after 15 days of treatment 34 . In another in vivo study, the petroleum ether seed extracts and the ethyl acetate fraction of T. indica seeds significantly ( p < 0.01) increased latency to tail flick in the tail immersion method in Wistar rats, and elevated the mean basal reaction time in the hot plate method at a dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight 37 . Similarly, the methanolic seed extract of T. indica significantly ( p < 0.01) reduced carrageenan induced paw edema in Wistar albino rats at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight 37 and also showed a significant anti-inflammatory and central analgesic activity ( p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in rat models 39 .…”

Section: Tamarindus Indica Linnmentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Tamarindus indica Linn. (Fabaceae): a narrative review

Komakech

Kim

Matsabisa

et al. 2019

Integrative Medicine Research

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Chronic inflammation is one of the causes of a number of non-infectious diseases in the world. Over the years, Tamarindus indica has played fundamental roles in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug. It is a commercialized biocompatible medicinal plant species with a wide range of therapeutic window and with suggested LD50 greater than 5000 mg kg −1 body weight when administered to the Wistar rats. This review examined the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential and mechanism of various extracts from T. indica pulp, leaves, seeds, stem bark, and roots. The preclinical studies provided strong pharmacological evidence for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the different parts of T. indica and this may be attributed to the various bioactive compounds in it including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, and steroids. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the extracts from the different parts of T. indica may be due to its ability to inhibit a number of biological processes including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 5-lipoxygenase biosynthesis, and tumor necrosis factor-α. The analgesic activity of T. indica may also be through the activation of the opioidergic mechanism at both the peripheral and central levels. Although further pre-clinical studies still need to be conducted, these results demonstrated that T. indica has potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and hence provides justification for its use in traditional medicine to treat body pain and other inflammatory related diseases including arthritis and offers a basis for future clinical studies and possible drug development.

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“…The animals were observed for the signs of toxicity which include changes in eyes and mucous membrane, skin, fur and behavior pattern. Attention was given to parameters like grooming, hyperactivity, convulsions, tremors, salivation, lethargy, diarrhea, loss of righting, reflex, sleep and coma (Hivrale et al, 2013).…”

Section: Oecd 423 Guidelines For Acute Toxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analgesic Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of Tamarindus Indica Plant in Mice and Rats

Highab¹,

Raji²,

Abubakar³

et al. 2022

dujopas

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Tamarindus indica has several folkloric uses in the treatment of various ailments. This study evaluated the analgesic activity of methanol leaf extract of Tamarindus indica (MLETI) in mice and Wistar rats. Acute toxicity studies were conducted using both the modified method of Lorke and OECD 425 guidelines. The analgesic activity was tested using acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate and formalin-induced hind-paw licking. Glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, reducing sugars, steroids and terpenoids were identified from the MLETI following phytochemical analysis. The LD50 was above 5000 mg/kg in both species. Compared to controls, the MLETI (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.001) dose-dependent reductions (33.6%, 35.5% and 47.2%) in acetic acid-induced writhes in the treated mice. MLETI also produced significant (p<0.005) analgesic effect with the hot plate-induced pain and significantly (p<0.001) inhibited formalin-induced paw-licking response in test rats compared to controls. This was higher in the second phase compared to the early phase at all the tested doses. The methanol leaf extract of Tamarindus indica possesses analgesic activity. It also contained glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, reducing sugars, steroids and terpenoids, some/all of which may be responsible for the observed centrally and peripherally mediated analgesic activities. Keyword: Analgesic, Fabaceae, mice, Tamarindus indica, Wistar rats

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Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions of Tamarindus indica seeds

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Comparative Metabolic Study of Tamarindus indica L.’s Various Organs Based on GC/MS Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities

Comparative Metabolic Study of Tamarindus indica L.’s Various Organs Based on GC/MS Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Wound Healing Activities

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of Tamarindus indica Linn. (Fabaceae): a narrative review

Analgesic Activity of Methanol Leaf Extract of Tamarindus Indica Plant in Mice and Rats

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