Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. leaves (Arecaceae) and its fractions

Abstract

Elaeis guineensis Jacq. is an arborescent monocotyledon of the Arecaceae family. It is a plant originated from tropical rainforest of West Africa. For centuries, it has been a source of food and a natural remedy against several pathologies. The aim of the present research was to evaluate antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract E. guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) leaves and phytochemical groups. Extraction with methanol and various liquid-liquid fractionations were carried out. These extract and fractions were administered orally at different doses. The experiments were performed on models of carrageenan-induced inflammatory edema in rat and acetic acid-induced pain in mouse. The extraction protocols gave a methanolic extract and different fractions, methanolic tannins free, alkaloid, terpenoid, and flavonoid. The methanolic extract administered at doses of 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg significantly prevents inflammatory edema. The percentages of increase in edema 5 h after induction are 38.31±3.55, 37.48±4.98, 40.82±4.14 versus 92.72±6.05 in the control group. The same profiles are observed with the methanolic fractions tannins free, flavonoid and terpene. However, the latter show dose-dependent activities between 1 and 3 mg/kg. The methanol fraction tannins free at 3 mg/kg is better in preventing inflammatory edema. Oral tannin-free methanolic fraction significantly prevents acetic acid-induced pain in mice. Elaeis guineensis leaves possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties on models of carrageenan-induced inflammatory edema in rat and acetic acidinduced pain in mouse. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities could be linked to the combined action of alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenes, on the different targets of the inflammatory reaction.

Chemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Ziziphus Mauritiana var. spontanea (Edgew.) R.R. Stewart ex Qaiser & Nazim. and Oenothera Biennis L.

“…For peripherally acting drugs, the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test is used. Te pain induction occurs by releasing endogenous substances and other pain mediators such as prostaglandins [28]. Te dosage of 300 mg/kg of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract of Z. mauritiana and O. biennis signifcantly (p < 0.001) inhibited the writhing's paralleled to diclofenac sodium (p < 0.001).…”