Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of sterol rich fraction of cultured marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata

Abstract

Five fractions separated from Nannochloropsis oculata using solvent-solvent partition chromatography of 80% methanolic extract of N. oculata (NOM) followed by the open silica column chromatography of its hexane fraction (NOMH) for the anti-inflammatory on RAW 264.7 cells and anti-cancer activities on HL-60, A-549, HEP-3B, HCT-116, and SW-480 cancer cells. All the five fractions showed potential anti-inflammatory activities against lipo polysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages cells with IC 50 values less than 6.25 µg mL-1. Moreover, 90% n-hexane column elution of NOMH (NOMH90) down-regulated lipopolysaccharide-stimulated protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Furthermore, NOMH90 showed marked cytotoxic effect on the HL-60 cells with IC 50 value of 23.58 ± 0.09 µg mL-1. In addition, Hoechst 33342 cell permeable dye used to visualize the apoptosis nucleus and cell cycle analysis measured Sub-G1 DNA contents to confirm reduction of the cell viability in NOMH90 treated cells due to induction of apoptosis in HL60. These results are quite related to the phytosterol contents of the NOMH fractions and the results suggest N. oculata extracts might be useful as potential sources of natural anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer compounds. In conclusion, the sterol content in N. oculata might provide a promising role in future medicines in anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer.

In vitro cytotoxic activity of microalgal extracts loaded nano–micro particles produced via electrospraying and microemulsion methods

“…et al (2017), Sanjeewa, K.K.A. et al (2016), Atasever‐Arslan, B. et al (2016), Zhu, X. et al (2012), Borges, O. et al (2006), algae show cytotoxic effects against various types of cancer, and the nanoparticles increase this cytotoxic effect …”

Apoptotic and antiproliferative properties of 3β‐hydroxy‐Δ5‐steroidal congeners from a partially purified column fraction of Dendronephthya gigantea against HL‐60 and MCF‐7 cancer cells

“…Sample treatment was done after an incubation period of 24 hours. Again after 24 hours, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay (Sanjeewa et al, ). The anticancer effects of the samples are given as the percentage of cancer cell viability compared to the respective controls.…”

“…The proportion of apoptotic hypodiploid cells in sub‐G 1 were analyzed by flow cytometry (Sanjeewa et al, ). The cancer cells were seeded in six‐well culture plates (2 × 10 5 cells ml –1 ), and samples were treated after 24 hours.…”

Inhibition of inflammatory responses elicited by urban fine dust particles in keratinocytes and macrophages by diphlorethohydroxycarmalol isolated from a brown alga Ishige okamurae

“…These fine particles could be composed of both organic and inorganic compounds, and vary in size and composition based on et al 2016). Some of these algae are commonly consumed as functional foods owing to their nutraceutical properties (Eom et al 2015, Lee et al 2015a, 2015b, Sanjeewa et al 2016b. They are a source of various functional ingredients, such as fucoidans, phycocoloides, fucoxanthins, and manny different polyphenolic compounds (Lee et al 2015a, 2015b, Fernando et al 2017b.…”