Anti-Inflammatory Components of the Starfish Astropecten polyacanthus

Abstract

Inflammation is important in biomedical research, because it plays a key role in inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, irritable bowel syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, allergies, asthma, and even cancer. In the present study, we describe the inhibitory effect of crude extracts and steroids isolated from the starfish Astropecten polyacanthus on pro-inflammatory cytokine (Interleukin-12 (IL-12) p40, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Among those tested, compounds 5 and 7 showed potent inhibitory effects on the production of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines with IC50 values ranging from 1.82 ± 0.11 to 7.00 ± 0.16 μM. Potent inhibitory activities were also observed for compound 1 on the production of IL-12 p40 and IL-6 with values of 3.96 ± 0.12 and 4.07 ± 0.13 μM, respectively, and for compounds 3 and 4 on the production of IL-12 p40 with values of 6.55 ± 0.18 and 5.06 ± 0.16 μM, respectively. Moreover, compounds 2 (IC50 = 34.86 ± 0.31 μM) and 6 (IC50 = 79.05 ± 2.05 μM) exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on the production of IL-12 p40, whereas compounds 3 (IC50 = 22.80 ± 0.21 μM) and 4 (IC50 = 16.73 ± 0.25 μM) moderately inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6, respectively.

Marine Pharmacology in 2012–2013: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action

“…As shown in Table 2, and in contrast to the 20 marine compounds ( 115 – 134 ) with described anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action, for marine compounds ( 135 – 157 ), only anti-inflammatory activity, namely IC 50 , was reported, but the molecular mechanism of action remained undetermined: A. polyacanthus steroids ( 135 , 136 ) [137]; barettin ( 137 ) [138]; briarenolide F ( 138 ) [139]; diketopiperazine ( 139 ) [140]; 6- epi -cladieunicellin F ( 140 ) [141]; crassarosteroside A ( 141 ) [142]; cystodione A ( 142 ) [143]; densanins A and B ( 143 , 144 ) [144]; dissesterol ( 145 ) [145]; echinohalimane A ( 146 ) [146]; eunicidiol ( 147 ) [147]; flexibilisolide C ( 148 ) [148]; flexibilisquinone ( 149 ) [149]; lobocrassin F ( 150 ) [150]; perthamide J ( 151 ) [151]; pseudoalteromone A ( 152 ) [152]; sarcocrassocolide M ( 153 ) [153]; sclerosteroids K and M ( 154 , 155 ) [154]; seco-briarellinone ( 156 ) [155]; and sinularioside ( 157 ) [156]. …”

Asterosaponins from the Starfish <i>Astropecten monacanthus</i> Suppress Growth and Induce Apoptosis in HL-60, PC-3, and SNU-C5 Human Cancer Cell Lines

“…To date, no investigations of their biological activities have been reported. In the course of our search for new biologically active compounds from Vietnamese starfish, [8][9][10] six asterosaponins, astrosteriosides A-D (1-3 and 5), psilasteroside (4), and marthasteroside B (6), were recently isolated from the starfish A. monacanthus ( Fig. 1) and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated.…”

Fucosylated chondroitin sulphate from sea cucumber reduces hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated inflammation in obesity mice

“…Increasing studies have demonstrated that inflammatory response was mitigated by marine sulphated polysaccharides (Ribeiro et al, 2014;Thao et al, 2013). Borsig et al (2007) proved that SC-CHS could reduce TNF-α production in LPSinduced lung inflammation mice.…”