Anti-inflammatory effect of Artemisiae annuae herba in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells

Abstract

Background:Artemisiae annuae herba (AAH) has been traditionally used as a drug for the treatment of malaria, heat stroke, bacterial infection, and fever in East-Asia. Although AAH has been used for the treatment of inflammation-related symptoms, the underlying mechanism of antiinflammatory activity of AAH is still unknown.Objective:We investigated whether AAH have an inhibitory effect on the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.Materials and Methods:The investigation was forced on the inhibitory effect of AAH on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, nitric oxide (NO), and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in macrophages. Furthermore, we examined the effect of AAH on the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathways.Results:We found that AAH suppresses NO production and TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS gene expression. Moreover, AAH inhibited the nuclear translocation of p65 and IκBα degradation in NF-κB pathway and decreased the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase phosphorylation in MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusions:Consequently, these results indicate that AAH contains antiinflammatory activity and this effect is derived from the repression on the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. We first demonstrated that antiinflammatory effect of AAH and its underlying mechanism in macrophage cells.

Role of Antioxidants and Natural Products in Inflammation

“…Moreover, these extracts inhibited the nuclear translocation of p65 and I κ B α degradation in the NF- κ B pathway and decreased the extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase phosphorylation in the MAPK signaling pathway. These extracts possess the anti-inflammatory activities derived from the repression on the activation of NF- κ B and MAPKs pathways [ 61 ].…”

Experimental treatment of breast cancer-bearing BALB/c mice by artemisinin and transferrin-loaded magnetic nanoliposomes

“…Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone and phytochemical found naturally in A. annua L.[ 1 ] Evidence for artemisinin's benefit was strongest for anti-malaria, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. [ 4 5 ] It is reported that the anti-cancer effect of artemisinin in the presence of iron sources such as transferrin was increased several fold.…”

“…Artemisinin [ Figure 1 ], as a sesquiterpene lactone, found in sweet wormwood ( Artemisia annua L.), and it possesses a range of biological and medicinal properties, including anti-malaria and anti-cancer activities. [ 1 ] However, the hydrophobicity of artemisinin and its nonselective targeting toward cancer cells could limit its biomedical use. [ 2 ] It has been documented that cancer cells in the presence of transferrin were more susceptible to artemisinin cytotoxicity.…”

TNFerade, an innovative cancer immunotherapeutic

“…[ 10 ] TNF-α suppression has been studied as an approach to develop anti-inflammatory agents. [ 11 12 ] On the other hand, since it can induce apoptosis leading to tumor necrosis and regression, it has been considered as a candidate for cancer immunotherapy. [ 13 ] However, TNF-α, when administered systemically can cause severe adverse effects that are capillary leakage, disseminated coagulopathy, acidosis, and shock.…”