Anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla frutescens seed oil rich in omega-3 fatty acid on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice

Abstract

Background and purpose: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that involves diffused inflammation of the large intestine. Omega-3 fatty acid (FA) has been known to regulate the inflammatory response associated with ulcerative colitis pathogenesis. Perilla frutescens is a valuable source of omega-3 FA and α-linolenic acid (ALA) contained in its seed oil. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla seed oil (PSO) on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model. Experimental approach: PSO was extracted using a cold-pressed extractor and FA composition of PSO was analyzed by GC-MS. Acute colitis in mice was induced with 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Some mice were treated with PSO (20, 100, 200 mg/kg BW) for 3 weeks before the DSS administration. Sulfasalazine was used as a positive control. The clinical features, histopathologic, serum, and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the colon were assessed. Finding/Results: PSO contained the highest proportion of ALA (61.51%). Furthermore, PSO pretreatment evidently reduced body weight loss, diminished diarrhea, gross bleeding, and DSS-induced colon shortening. PSO pretreatment attenuated histopathological changes in response to DSS-induced colitis. PSO pretreatment also markedly decreased inflammatory response in serum and the colon tissue of DSS-induced mice. Conclusion and implication: ALA in PSO is suggested to be mainly responsible for the reduction of DSS-induced colitis through suppressing inflammatory markers. PSO could be further developed as a functional health supplement, which would be beneficial for anti-inflammation in the colonic mucosa.

Emulgels Containing Perilla frutescens Seed Oil, Moringa oleifera Seed Oil, and Mixed Seed Oil: Microemulsion and Safety Assessment

“…Other types of unsaturated fatty acids found in P. frutescens seed oil were lauric acid, myristic acid, and arachidic acid. The amounts of these unsaturated fatty acids in P. frutescens seed oil were comparable with other reports [21,31,32]. M. oleifera oil contained several types of fatty acids, including cis-9-oleic acid (66.03 g/100 g), palmitic acid (7.91 g/100 g), and behenic acid (5.91 g/100 g).…”

Characterization of fatty acid profiles and anti-scanvanging activity of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L. Lam)-based custard fortified with perilla seed oil (Perilla frutescens L. Britton)

“…Especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in which they occupied more than 50 % of total lipids found in perilla seed oil. The previous studied revealed that Thai perilla seed oil contains 61.51% of alpha linolenic acid (ALA), 16.55% of linoleic acid (LA)and 11.62 % of oleic acid (Kangwan et al, 2021). Similarly, in this study the ALA (53.18%) was report to be the most aboundunt fatty acids found in perilla seed oil, linoleic acid (22.17%), and oleic acid (14.90%).…”

Fat of the Gut: Epithelial Phospholipids in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

“…For example, an increase in particular saturated fatty acids as a part of the so-called Western diet provokes IBD [ 333 ]. The data on polyunsaturated fatty acids-enriched diets, such as omega-3, in terms of gut health is contradictory, ranging from positive to negative effects [ 193 , 334 , 335 , 336 ]. Changes in the ratios of individual phospholipids were also found to accompany the ketogenic diet [ 337 ].…”