Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Mixture of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Sodium Butyrate in Atopic Dermatitis Murine Model

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease. Recently, probiotics have been shown to suppress allergic symptoms through immunomodulatory responses. In the present study, combinatorial effects on allergic symptoms were identified in BALB/c mice fed with a mixture of four species of probiotics, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus plantarum, and sodium butyrate. Following sensitization with whey protein, the mice were challenged and divided into two groups: (1) mice administered with phosphate-buffered saline as a control and (2) mice administered with the probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate. Allergic symptoms were assessed by measuring ear thicknesses, serum histamine and IL-10 concentrations, and the quantities of leaked Evans blue. T cell differentiation was determined by analyzing the T cells groups in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleen. To examine changes in the total gut microbiota, total fecal microflora was isolated, species identification was performed by DNA sequencing using Illumina MiSeq, and changes in intestinal beneficial bacteria were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Treatment with the probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate reduced ear thicknesses, the quantity of leaked Evans blue, and serum histamine values, while increasing serum IL-10 values. In the mouse model, the probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate increased Th1 and Treg cell differentiation in MLN and spleen tissues; the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, which is associated with reduction in allergic reactions; and microorganisms that lead to cell differentiation into Treg. These results suggest that the probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate can prevent and alleviate allergic symptoms.

Decrease in Barbaloin and Product of Butyric acid Fermented by Endophytic Bacteria in Aloe Arborescens leaves

“…Endophytic microbial-derived butyric acid in A. arborescens leave could exert anti-cancerous effects by several mechanisms, highlighting the importance for health maintenance [32] . Regulation of the epigenome in particular inhibition of histone deacetylases, [33] demonstrated that probiotics mixture and sodium butyrate increased Th1 and Treg cell differentiation in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen tissues in mouse model. These results suggest that the probiotic mixture and sodium butyrate can prevent and alleviate allergic symptoms.…”

Identification of Drug Targets and Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Wantong Jingu Tablet in Treatment of Rats with Collagen-Induced Arthritis based on 16S rDNA High-Throughput Sequencing and Metabolomic Analysis

“…Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant bacterial phyla in the gut microbiota community. A common metabolite of Gram-positive Firmicutes, butyrate, is identi ed as an antiin ammatory molecule, which help to impede bacterial transport across the intestinal epithelial wall and increase the rate of tight junction formation, thereby maintaining the healthy gut environment [23,24]. The aberrant proliferation of Gram-negative Bacteroidetes contributes to the production of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and then induces the low-grade in ammation by activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) [25].…”

Identification of drug targets and potential molecular mechanisms of Wantong Jingu Tablet in treatment of rats with collagen-induced arthritis based on 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and metabolomic analysis

“…Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant bacterial phyla in the gut microbiota community. A common metabolite of Gram-positive Firmicutes, butyrate, is identi ed as an antiin ammatory molecule, which help to impede bacterial transport across the intestinal epithelial wall and increase the rate of tight junction formation, thereby maintaining the healthy gut environment [24,25]. The aberrant proliferation of Gram-negative Bacteroidetes contributes to the production of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and then induces the low-grade in ammation by activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) [26].…”