Anti-inflammatory effects of active commuting and leisure time exercise in overweight and obese women and men: A randomized controlled trial

Gram, Anne Sofie; Bladbjerg, Else‐Marie; Quist, Jonas Salling; Petersen, Morten Krogh; Rosenkilde, Mads; Stallknecht, Bente

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.06.923

Cited by 31 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The project GO-ACTIWE (Governing Obesity: Active Commuting To Improve health and Wellbeing in Everyday life, http://go.ku.dk/) is a randomised controlled trial addressing the health effects of physical activity in adults who are overweight and obese (class 1), and the participants and study design have been described in detail elsewhere [26, 27]. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the ethics committee of the Capital Region of Denmark (H-4-2013-108) and with the Helsinki Declaration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exclusion criteria included abnormal resting electrocardiogram and parents or siblings with type 2 diabetes, and for women, they include postmenopause, pregnancy, or planned pregnancy [26, 27]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid seasonal variation, the number of participants was evenly distributed throughout the year. Dietary intake was ad libitum throughout the intervention, and participants were advised to maintain their habitual diet [26, 27]. Self-reported energy intake and macronutrient intake have been published elsewhere and did not change in any of the intervention groups [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adherence to the exercise intervention from baseline till 6 months was calculated as exercise-induced energy expenditure (% of the energy expended during the intervention in proportion to the prescribed energy expenditure) and exercise intensity (% of VO 2 peak reserve in proportion to the prescribed intensity), respectively. Completers demonstrated an excellent exercise energy expenditure adherence (>90% in BIKE, MOD, and VIG) and intensity adherence (BIKE: self-selected intensity of 54%; MOD: 49%; VIG: 66%) to the intervention from baseline till follow-up, and aerobic capacity (VO 2 peak) increased during the intervention in all exercise groups compared with CON [26]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure adequate power (>80%), the sample size was determined for the primary outcome, ETP, based on results from a previous study [26]. The calculations suggested inclusion of 140 participants in total: 40 participants in each exercise group and 20 in the control group [27].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

et al. 2018

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Obesity and exercise constitute important factors for cardiovascular disease risk, but the long-term effects of different exercise modalities on haemostatic biomarkers are not well elucidated. We investigated the effects of 6 months of active commuting or leisure-time exercise on measures of fibrin turnover in individuals who are overweight and obese. Ninety younger (20–40 years), sedentary, healthy women and men who are overweight and obese (BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) were randomised to 6 months of habitual lifestyle (CON, n=16), active commuting (BIKE, n=19), or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, ∼50% VO2peak reserve, n=31) or vigorous intensity (VIG, ∼70% VO2peak reserve, n=24). Fasting blood samples (baseline and 3 and 6 months) were analysed for cholesterols and triglycerides, thrombin generation, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, D-dimer, fibrin clot properties, and fibrinolytic activity. We observed no differences between CON, BIKE, MOD, and VIG during the intervention and no time effects for any of the variables measured despite increased VO2peak in all exercise groups. We found no difference between CON and all exercise groups combined and no gender-specific effects of exercise. Our findings suggest that thrombin generation capacity, coagulation activation, fibrin clot structure, and lysability are unaffected by long-term active commuting and leisure-time exercise in women and men who are overweight and obese.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

et al. 2018

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Aerobic Exercise and Weight Loss in Adults

Jayedi,

Soltani,

Emadi

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceCurrent guidance on the duration of aerobic exercise recommended in existing guidelines comes primarily from individual trials. Meta-analyses are lacking to examine the dose-response association of aerobic exercise with adiposity measures.ObjectiveTo clarify the dose-response association of aerobic exercise with adiposity measures.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and gray literature sources (ProQuest and ClinicalTrials.gov) from inception to April 30, 2024.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials with intervention durations of at least 8 weeks evaluating the effects of supervised aerobic training on adults with overweight or obesity.Data Extraction and SynthesisThe PRISMA guidelines were followed to report the results of the meta-analysis. Data extraction was conducted by 2 teams of 2 reviewers each, working independently and in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate mean differences and 95% CIs for each 30-minute per week aerobic exercise and to clarify the shape of the curvilinear associations.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMeasures of body weight, waist circumference, body fat, adverse events, medication use reduction, and health-related quality of life score. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool, with a range from very low to high certainty.ResultsIn total, 116 randomized clinical trials involving 6880 participants (4199 [61%] female; mean [SD] age, 46 [13] years) with overweight or obesity were included. Each 30 minutes per week of aerobic exercise was associated with reduced body weight by 0.52 kg (95% CI, −0.61 to −0.44 kg; n = 109 trials, GRADE = moderate), waist circumference by 0.56 cm (95% CI, −0.67 to −0.45 cm; n = 62 trials, GRADE = high), body fat percentage by 0.37% (95% CI, −0.43% to −0.31%; n = 65 trials, GRADE = moderate), as well as the areas of visceral (mean difference, −1.60 cm2 [95% CI, −2.12 to −1.07 cm2]; n = 26 trials, GRADE = high) and subcutaneous (mean difference, −1.37 cm2 [95% CI, −1.82 to −0.92 cm2]; n = 27 trials, GRADE = moderate) adipose tissues. Aerobic exercise was associated with modestly increased physical (standardized mean difference, 1.69 SD [95% CI, 1.18-2.20 SD]) and mental (standardized mean difference, 0.74 SD [95% CI, 0.29-1.19 SD]) aspects of quality of life (1 trial with 80 participants, GRADE = low). It was associated with modestly increased mild to moderate adverse events, which were mostly musculoskeletal symptoms (risk difference, 2 more events per 100 participants [95% CI, 1 to 2 more]; GRADE = low). Dose-response meta-analyses indicated that body weight, waist circumference, and body fat measures decreased linearly or monotonically in association with increasing duration of aerobic exercise to 300 minutes per week, with aerobic exercise lasting 150 minutes per week at moderate to vigorous intensities resulting in clinically important reductions in waist circumference and body fat.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, engaging in 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per week was associated with modest reductions in body weight, waist circumference, and body fat measures among adults with overweight or obesity. However, aerobic training exceeding 150 minutes per week at moderate intensity or greater may be needed to achieve clinically important reductions.

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Sedentary behaviour and physical activity are associated with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation—relevance for (pre)diabetes: The Maastricht Study

et al. 2022

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Aims/hypothesis Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation are important in the pathogenesis of CVD and can potentially be modified by physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Effects of physical activity on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction may be especially prominent in type 2 diabetes. Methods In the population-based Maastricht Study (n = 2363, 51.5% male, 28.3% type 2 diabetes, 15.1% prediabetes [defined as impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose]), we determined biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation, and combined z scores were calculated. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by activPAL. Linear regression analyses were used with adjustment for demographic, lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors. Results The association between total, light, moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous intensity physical activity and sedentary time on the one hand and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction on the other were generally significant and were consistently stronger in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as compared with normal glucose metabolism status (p for interaction <0.05). Associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the one hand and low-grade inflammation on the other were also significant and were similar in individuals with and without (pre)diabetes (p for interaction >0.05). Conclusions/interpretation Physical activity and sedentary behaviour are associated with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation. For biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviour were consistently stronger in (pre)diabetes than in normal glucose metabolism. Whether increasing physical activity or decreasing sedentary time can positively influence biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes requires further study. Graphical abstract

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Anti-inflammatory effects of active commuting and leisure time exercise in overweight and obese women and men: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Aerobic Exercise and Weight Loss in Adults

Sedentary behaviour and physical activity are associated with biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation—relevance for (pre)diabetes: The Maastricht Study

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