Anti-inflammatory effects of extracellular vesicles from Morchella on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells via the ROS-mediated p38 MAPK signaling pathway

Abstract

Morchella is a kind of important edible and medicinal fungi, which is rich in polysaccharides, enzymes, fatty acids, amino acids and other active components. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a typical membrane structure, and the vesicles contain some specific lipids, miRNAs and proteins, and their can deliver the contents to different cells to change their functions. The present study investigated whether Morchella produce extracellular vesicles and its anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW246.7 macrophages. The experimental results showed that Morchella produced extracellular vesicles and significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a model of LPS-induced inflammation. In addition, the expression of inflammatory factor-related genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) showed dose-dependent inhibition. Morchella extracellular vesicles also can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by LPS by inhibiting the production of ROS and reducing the phosphorylation levels of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. These results indicate that the Morchella extracellular vesicles can be used as a potential anti-inflammatory substance in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Cultivation, nutritional value, bioactive compounds of morels, and their health benefits: A systematic review

“…The extracellular vesicles (EVs) of M. Sextelata also demonstrated anti-inflammatory abilities toward the LPS (lipopolysaccharides)-induced inflammation on the RAW246.7 macrophages (71). The inflammation related factors including TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 were all inhibited by the EVs in a dose-dependent way.…”

Exosomes loaded a smart bilayer-hydrogel scaffold with ROS-scavenging and macrophage-reprogramming properties for repairing cartilage defect

“…Excessive ROS within the wound not only triggers a strong inflammatory response but also impairs endogenous stem cells and macrophages [ 51 ]. ROS, as an important inflammatory factor, can activate macrophages, thereby seriously exacerbating the inflammatory response [ 52 ]. Thus, the targeted reduction of overexpressed ROS and the regulation of activated macrophage phenotypes could substantially mitigate the inflammatory response.…”

(R)-8-Methylsulfinyloctyl isothiocyanate from Nasturtium officinale inhibits LPS-induced immunoinflammatory responses in mouse peritoneal macrophages: chemical synthesis and molecular signaling pathways involved

“…81,82 MAPKs, a family of serine/threonine protein kinases, also play an important role in cell regulation and modulate the expression of several inflammation-related genes such as iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6, among others. 83 This family includes extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs-1 and -2), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38, which carry out cascades of reactions that allow them to respond to oxidative and inflammatory stress generated by the stimulus. 84 Consistent with our previous publications, our results indicate that exposure of peritoneal macrophages to LPS resulted in significantly increased levels of ERK, JNK and p38 phosphorylation.…”