Anti-lung Cancer Effects of Polyphyllin VI and VII Potentially Correlate with ApoptosisIn VitroandIn Vivo

Abstract

Polyphyllin VI (PVI) and polyphyllin VII (PVII) derived from Paris polyphylla possess anti-cancer activities. However, the mechanisms for the anti-lung cancer effects of PVI and PVII remain poorly understood. In this study, PVI and PVII exhibited inhibitory effects on the proliferation of A549 and NCI-H1299 cells. PVI and PVII induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and triggered apoptosis. PVI and PVII upregulated the tumor suppressor protein p53 and downregulated cyclin B1. The two treatments significantly increased the expression levels of death receptor 3, death receptor 5, Fas, cleaved PARP, and cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, PVI and PVII significantly inhibited the growth of A549 cells in vivo. The tumor inhibitory rates of PVI were 25.74%, 34.62%, and 40.43% at 2, 3, and 4 mg/kg, respectively, and those of PVII were 25.63%, 41.71%, and 40.41% at 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg, respectively. Finally, PVI and PVII regulated the expression of proteins related to the apoptotic pathway in A549 xenografts. In summary, PVI and PVII exhibited strong inhibitory effects on lung cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and triggering apoptosis.

Polyphyllin G induce apoptosis and autophagy in human nasopharyngeal cancer cells by modulation of AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in vitro and in vivo

“…The mean tumor volume in Polyphyllin G treated mice was smaller compared to control, however, is somewhat at odds with the in vitro data (Figure 1). Previous study show that Polyphyllin G inhibited the growth of lung cancer tumor xenografts at the dose of 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg [28]. Present study results are consistent with the previous study and further illustrated that Polyphyllin G may also be able to apply on different cancers.…”

“…Polyphyllin G (also call Polyphyllin VII) exhibited anti-proliferative activity against the hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line [26, 37], MCF-7/ADR cell line [27] and lung cancer cells lines (A549 and NCI-H1299) [28]. The present study first investigated the significant in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Polyphyllin G on human nasopharyngeal cancer cells.…”

“…These results suggest the potent anti-cancer effects of Polyphyllin G. Various natural chemicals have been reported to exhibit anticancer activity by triggering both autophagy and apoptosis [38–41], implicated the close relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Polyphyllin G has been demonstrated to have strong anticancer activities in a wide variety of human cancer cell lines [24, 26–28]. However, the underlying mechanisms of Polyphyllin G-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human nasopharyngeal cancer cells is remain unclear.…”

“…Previous studies show that Polyphyllin G arrested A549 and NCI-H1299 cells in the G2/M phase [28]; Li et al point that Polyphyllin G could induce cell apoptosis, together with cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, and trigger apoptosis in a caspase-3-dependent manner in human colorectal cancer cells (HT-29 and SW-620) [42]. In this study, the flow cytometric analysis of PI-labeled cells shows that treating NPC cell lines with Polyphyllin G (4 μM) induced significant accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase (Figure 2B).…”

Multi‐component determination and chemometric analysis of Paris polyphylla by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection

“…It showed diverse bioactivities such as hemostatic , anti‐inflammatory , anti‐fibrotic and anticancer activities . The steroid saponins are the major active components in Chonglou . Several HPLC methods have been developed to determine the content of steriod saponins .…”