Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identification of the Disorder and Management of Psychiatric Symptoms

Forrester, A. Theodore; Latorre, S.; O'Dea, Pamela K.; Robinson, Charles; Goldwaser, Eric L.; Trenton, Adam; Tobia, Anthony; Aziz, Rehan; Dhawan, Survandita; Brennan, Andrew; Kurukumbi, Mohan; Dong, Yu; Benavides, David R.; Offurum, Ada Ibe

doi:10.1016/j.psym.2020.04.017

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In addition, the woman was observed to have significant sluggishness, while upon awakening after 20 hours of sleep, her drive was visibly increased, she presented with echolalia, retrograde and subsequent amnesia, increased muscle tone, and mild hand tremor. After the detection of anti-NMDAR antibodies in the patient's CSF and implementation of adequate treatment, remission of symptoms was achieved (Forrester et al, 2020). Autoimmune encephalitis can also occur in males.…”

Section: Diversity Of Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies – variety of clinical manifestations

Sierakowska,

Roszak,

Łabuz-Roszak

2023

Aktualn Neurol

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The aim of this study was to review the literature on the topic of diversity of clinical symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis with the presence of antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (anti-NMDAR antibodies), the diagnostic process, and treatment. The incidence of the disease is approximately 4% of all reported cases of encephalitis. Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies manifests as a rapidly progressive encephalopathy of acute or subacute onset. It usually develops over a period of six weeks. To diagnose the disease, it is necessary to confirm a minimum of four out of six symptoms, such as behavioural or cognitive impairment, speech impairment, epileptic seizures, movement disorders, disturbances of consciousness, and autonomic dysfunction. The diagnostic process is aided by additional examinations including electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and laboratory tests (e.g. determination of titre of antineuronal antibodies). It is not uncommon for symptoms to indicate the possibility of co-occurrence of several psychiatric conditions at the same time, leading to a delay in making a correct diagnosis. Moreover, it should be remembered that anti-NMDAR encephalitis often displays the characteristics of a paraneoplastic syndrome, and particularly often coexists with ovarian teratoma. Consequently, this option should be included in the diagnostic process. Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies can manifest itself in many ways, often with multiple neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Quick diagnosis, as well as early targeted treatment, increase the chance of success of the therapeutic process.

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Section: Diversity Of Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies – variety of clinical manifestations

Sierakowska,

Roszak,

Łabuz-Roszak

2023

Aktualn Neurol

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“…En el año 2007, se publicó el primer estudio sobre la patología de encefalitis autoinmune anti-NMDAR, ampliando el abanico etiopatogénico de la encefalitis límbica reversible; siendo este el tipo de encefalitis autoinmune más común (4). Los datos del Proyecto de Encefalitis de California sobre la causa de la encefalitis, revelaron que, la frecuencia de la encefalitis anti-NMDAR excedía la de cualquier encefalitis viral individual entre individuos jóvenes, no exclusivamente como un síndrome paraneoplásico, pero también como la primera encefalitis sináptica autoinmune identificada (2,5). La disfunción neuronal en las conexiones fronto-estriatales y las redes prefrontales, conduce a los grupos de síntomas clínicos que incluyen características psiquiátricas, trastornos del movimiento, trastornos autónomos y convulsiones (6).…”

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Encefalitis por Anticuerpos anti-receptor N-Metil-D-Aspartato (NMDA)

2022

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La encefalitis anti receptor N-metil-D-aspartato es una entidad neurológica que se presenta principalmente con manifestaciones psiquiátricas. En la mayoría de los casos se trata de una presentación para-neoplásica de un teratoma de ovario en mujeres jóvenes, por lo cual siempre se debe considerar la presencia de esta entidad en este grupo etario, al sospechar alguna patología psiquiátrica de índole psicótica. El diagnóstico de esta patología se realiza al encontrar los anticuerpos en la punción lumbar. Usualmente, la enfermedad remite al ser removido el tumor subyacente, además del uso de esteroides e inmunoglobulinas para mejorar el pronóstico a futuro de estos pacientes.

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Multiple drugs

2020

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Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identification of the Disorder and Management of Psychiatric Symptoms

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies – variety of clinical manifestations

Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-NMDAR antibodies – variety of clinical manifestations

Encefalitis por Anticuerpos anti-receptor N-Metil-D-Aspartato (NMDA)

Multiple drugs

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