Anti-nutritive activities of cereal non-starch polysaccharides in broiler diets and strategies minimizing their effects

Annison, Geoffrey; Choct, Mingan

doi:10.1079/wps19910019

Cited by 216 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The current results with barley and wheat confirm the impaired digestibility of nutrients in young birds fed diets containing considerable amounts of cereals rich in soluble non-starch polysaccharides (Annison and Choct, 1991). Of the three cereals evaluated, maize had the highest SID for the majority of the indispensable AA, with a relatively low value for cystine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

Szczurek¹

2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The standardized ileal amino acid (AA) digestibility (SID) of 3 cereals: wheat, barley and maize; 3 feeds with a medium protein content: faba beans, field pea and full-fat rape seeds; and 4 byproducts: solvent-extracted rapeseed meal (RSM), rapeseed expeller cake (RSC), maize distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and soyabean meal (SBM) was measured in 30-day-old broiler chickens. Digestibility values were determined with the direct method using semi-synthetic diets containing Cr 2 O 3 as an indigestible marker. Each diet was offered ad libitum for 5 days to 4 replicate cages of 6 broilers and the ileal contents were collected by the slaughter method. A protein-free diet was fed to assess ileal endogenous AA losses (IEAA). These IEAA values were used to obtain SID coefficients for each of the tested ingredients. Considering the SID values of 14 of the most important AA, the test ingredients were ranked as follows. Within cereal grains: maize > wheat > barley. The exception was the SID of cysteine in maize which was lower compared with that in wheat. Within native seeds: faba beans = peas > rape seeds. However, the SID of methionine was greater in rape as compared with legume seeds. Within by-product feeds: SBM > RSC > RSM > DDGS. However, SID values for valine, phenylalanine and serine in DDGS were comparable to those obtained for SBM and higher than in the two rapeseed products.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

Szczurek¹

2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…These results are as expected and consistent with previous findings (Annison and Choct, 1991;Adeola and Cowieson, 2011). The mechanism(s) by which exogenous xylanases enhance nutrient digestion and utilisation in wheat-based diets are not clearly understood, but disruption of endosperm cell wall integrity, breakdown of the highly viscous high-molecular weight non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and reduction in digesta viscosity are thought to be the major underlying factors involved.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Influence of Fat Source and Xylanase Supplementation on Performance, Utilisation of Energy and Fat, and Caecal Microbiota Counts in Broiler Starters Fed Wheat-Based Diets

et al. 2014

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An experiment was conducted to determine the interaction between fat source and xylanase supplementation on the performance, utilisation of energy and fat, and caecal microbiota counts in broiler starters fed wheat-based diets. The experimental design was 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments, which included two fat sources (60 g/kg soybean oil or tallow) and two levels of enzyme supplementation (without or with exogenous xylanase). Irrespective of the fat source, xylanase supplementation increased (P＜0.01) the weight gain and lowered (P＜0.01) the feed per gain. Birds fed diets with soybean oil diets had higher (P＜0.001) weight gain, fat retention and fat digestibility, and lower feed per gain compared to those fed tallow supplemented diets. Feed intake was not affected (P＞0.05) by dietary treatments. Xylanase addition improved (P＜0.01) the apparent metabolisable energy in diets containing either fat source, but the effect was more pronounced in birds fed the diet containing tallow. The number of Lactobacillus spp. was lowered (P＜0.05) by enzyme supplementation in birds fed tallow diets, but unaffected (P＞0.05) in those fed soybeans oil diets. The number of Clostridium spp. was found to be higher (P＜0.01) in birds fed enzymesupplemented diets. Overall, under the conditions of the present study, the addition of xylanase improved the growth and feed efficiency of broiler starters and the responses were not influenced by the fat source.

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“…It has been reported in literature that the increase in fiber content in poultry diets may impair nutrient utilization (Bedford;Partridge 2001). Regarding the use of wheat bran in diets for broilers, Annison and Choct (1991) affirmed this feedstuff increases intestinal viscosity because its fiber fraction is rich in soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) such as arabinoxylans, which cause a general inhibition of feed digestion affecting digestibility of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and these effects are more pronounced in younger birds. Means followed by different letters in the column differ from each other by the SNK test (5%); 1 -Analysis of variance; Ns Nonsignificant; * Significant effect at 5% of probability (P<0.05).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber level for laying hens during the growing phase

et al. 2014

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Feeding management of laying hens has been focused on the direct influence of nutrient intake on weight gain, especially at growing phase. This study evaluates nutrient digestibility, performance, development of the digestive tract, body composition, and bone quality of two strains of laying hens fed with different levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) during the growing phase from the 7 th to the 12 th week of age. A total of 1,296 birds were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement (two strains x three levels of NDF) with four replicates of 54 birds per treatment. Semi-heavy (Hy Line Brown) and light-strain (Lohman LSL) pullets were allotted to dietary treatments consisting of 14.50, 16.50, and 18.50% NDF. An interaction between strains and NDF levels was observed only for feed/gain ratio and light-strain pullets had lower performance with 18.50% NDF. The increasing levels of NDF in the diet reduced the coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen and gross energy, and the values of metabolizable energy. Higher levels of NDF in the diet increased the relative weight of liver and intestines and reduced gizzard weight. It was also observed differences between bone quality and composition of the femur and tibia of light and semiheavy hens. The increase in NDF level in ration for growing phase laying hens above 14.50% decreases the nutrient digestibility and the metabolizable energy of the diet; however, it does not affect the carcass composition, bone quality, feed intake, and weight gain, although it may impair feed conversion of light-strain pullets.Index terms: Growth, insoluble fiber, neutral detergent fiber, strain. RESUMOO manejo alimentar de poedeiras tem sido avaliado quanto à influência direta da ingestão de nutrientes no ganho de peso, principalmente na fase de crescimento. No estudo, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos dos níveis de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) das rações de recria (7ª e 12ª semanas de idade) sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes da ração, desempenho, desenvolvimento do trato digestório, composição corporal e qualidade óssea das aves de duas linhagens de poedeiras comerciais. Foram utilizadas 1.296 aves distribuídas em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial dois x três (duas linhagens x três níveis de FDN) com quatro repetições de 54 aves por tratamento. Foram avaliadas aves de uma linhagem de poedeira semipesada (Hy Line Brown) e leve (Lohman LSL) e testados os níveis de 14,50; 16,50 e 18,50% de FDN. Houve interação significativa entre linhagem e nível de FDN sobre a conversão alimentar, com pior desempenho para essa característica em aves de linhagem leve ao nível de 18,50%. O aumento da FDN na ração reduziu os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, nitrogênio e energia bruta e os valores de energia metabolizável. Observou-se que o acréscimo de FDN na ração aumentou o peso relativo do fígado e intestinos e reduziu o da moela. Foram observadas diferenças na composição e qualidade óss...

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Anti-nutritive activities of cereal non-starch polysaccharides in broiler diets and strategies minimizing their effects

Cited by 216 publications

References 54 publications

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids from several cereal grains and protein-rich feedstuffs in broiler chickens at the age of 30 days

Influence of Fat Source and Xylanase Supplementation on Performance, Utilisation of Energy and Fat, and Caecal Microbiota Counts in Broiler Starters Fed Wheat-Based Diets

Fiber level for laying hens during the growing phase

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