Anti‐Obesity Activity of Saringosterol Isolated from Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt Extract in 3T3‐L1 Cells

Abstract

Saringosterol, a steroid isolated from Sargassum muticum, a brown edible alga widely distributed on the seashores of southern and eastern Korea, has been shown to exhibit anti-obesity effect. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity activity of saringosterol through various experiments. The inhibitory effect of saringosterol on adipogenesis was evaluated via Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. After confirming that saringosterol is not cytotoxic to these cells by using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, the effect of saringosterol on the expression of various adipogenesis-related genes was analyzed via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. We demonstrated that saringosterol dose dependently inhibited adipocyte differentiation and expression of adipogenic marker genes such as adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, adiponectin, resistin, and fatty acid synthase in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, saringosterol significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α in 3T3-L1 cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that saringosterol isolated from S. muticum exhibits anti-obesity effect by inhibiting the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and marker genes and that it may be developed as a drug to suppress adipogenesis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Marine natural products

“…372 Saringosterol exhibits an anti-obesity effect by inhibiting the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and marker genes. 373…”

Pharmacological and natural products diversity of the brown algae genusSargassum

“…The inhibitory effect of saringosterol 11 on adipogenesis was detected via Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner, which inhibited adipocyte differentiation and expression of adipogenic marker genes. 66…”

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“…Strychnos spinosa [25] Acanthophora spicifera [26] Cladophora fascicularis [27] Sargassum muticum [28] Antitrypanosomal [25] Anti-obesity, [28] a novel selective LXRb agonist, [29] and anticancer activities [30] b-sitosterol (4) Terrestrial plant Red macroalgae Green macroalgae Brown macroalgae Microalgae Synadenium glaucescens [31] Eucheuma cottonii [32] Ulva fasciata [33] Sargassum glaucescens [34] Nannochloropsis [35] Antimicrobial, [36] antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus, [37] antioxidant and anticancer activities [38] Glycoglycerolipids (5,9) Terrestrial plant Red macroalgae Brown macroalgae Cyanobacteria Soybean [39] Exophyllum wentii [40] Sargassum horneri [41] Phormidium sp. [42] Accumulation inhibition, [39] antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anticancr activities [30,43] Kjellmanianone (6) Brown macroalgae Sargassum naozhouense [44] Antibacterial effect against E. coli and Bacillus subtilis [45] Loliolide 7Terrestrial plant Brown macroalgae…”