Anti-Osteoporosis Effect of Perilla frutescens Leaf Hexane Fraction through Regulating Osteoclast and Osteoblast Differentiation

Abstract

Osteoporosis is the result of an imbalance in the bone-remodeling process via an increase in osteoclastic activity and a decrease in osteoblastic activity. Our previous studies have shown that Perilla frutescens seed meal has anti-osteoclastogenic activity. However, the role of perilla leaf hexane fraction (PLH) in osteoporosis has not yet been investigated and reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PLH in osteoclast differentiation and osteogenic potential using cell-based experiments in vitro. From HPLC analysis, we found that PLH contained high luteolin and baicalein. PLH was shown to inhibit RANKL-induced ROS production and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multi-nucleated osteoclasts. Moreover, PLH significantly downregulated the RANKL-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, leading to the attenuation of NFATc1 and MMP-9 expression. In contrast, PLH enhanced osteoblast function by regulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and restoring TNF-α-suppressed osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic potential. Thus, luteolin and baicalein-rich PLH inhibits osteoclast differentiation but promotes the function of osteoblasts. Collectively, our data provide new evidence that suggests that PLH may be a valuable anti-osteoporosis agent.

Luteolin-rich fraction from Perilla frutescens seed meal inhibits spike glycoprotein S1 of SARS-CoV-2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome lung cell inflammation via regulation of JAK1/STAT3 pathway: A potential anti-inflammatory compound against inflammation-induced long-COVID

“…The P. frutescens seed meal, a by-product from cold-press oil extraction was used to prepare P. Frutescens extract in this study. The P. frutescens seed meal ethyl acetate fraction was prepared as previously described protocol ( 24 , 25 ). P. frutescens seed meal dried material start 500 g was soaked in 70% ethanol and were mixed at 256 rpm using digital stirrer (IKA ® RW 20, Staufen, Germany).…”

“…have traditionally been used as an analgesic and an anti-abortive agent ( 21 , 22 ). The leaves are helpful in treating respiratory problems such as asthma, colds and the flu, while the seeds can be employed for dyspnea, cough relief, and bowel relaxation ( 23 – 25 ). Interestingly, the seed meal part of P.F.…”

Screening and characterization of antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-microbial activity of herbal extracts in Northern Thailand

“…Metalloproteinase activity: Gelatin zymography was used to assess the metalloproteinase activity assessed [22]. Fibroblast cells were treated with extracts and culture supernatants were loaded in a 10% polyacrylamide gel in the presence of 1% gelatin.…”

Exploring the mechanism of Astragali radix for promoting osteogenic differentiation based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation

“…In OP, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption is disrupted, with bone resorption predominating. It has been clinically suggested that OP may be improved by promoting the dynamic balance between bone formation and resorption (He et al, 2019; Phromnoi et al, 2022). Therefore, effectively promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BM‐MSCs to re‐establish the dynamic balance between bone formation and resorption may be a therapeutic strategy to improve OP (Huang et al, 2023).…”