Anti-proliferative effect of terpenes on human prostate cáncer cells: natural sources and their potential role as chemopreventive agents.

Abstract

Prostate cancer is one of the neoplastic diseases with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. The diversity of available treatments and side effects related to therapeutic treatments are severe and affect a patient's quality of life. Thus, to creating new therapeutic alternatives to reduce morbidity and creating safe and effective therapies is a constant challenge. Recently, the use of traditional medicine and chemoprevention has gained importance. Several clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that a high-terpenoid compound-based diet is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. This review is focused on the anti-proliferative effects of different terpenoids isolated from natural sources on human prostate cancer cells, with the aim of setting the basis to use these compounds as phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and functional ingredients.

Exploring the Phytochemicals and Anti-Cancer Potential of the Members of Fabaceae Family: A Comprehensive Review

“…ex DC [168]. According to Matus et al [169], terpenoids are significant inhibitors of the signaling of NF-kB, which is a key regulator in cancer and inflammation. Carotenoids can use a variety of pathways for their anti-cancer activity; however, the induction of apoptosis is considered the most common.…”

Antioxidant Molecules from Plant Waste: Extraction Techniques and Biological Properties

“…These compounds are formed by the condensation of two subunits of isoprene (C5H8) (hydrocarbon with five atoms of carbon) [8,39]. According to the number of isoprene units (C5), terpenoids can be classified as shown in Table 1 [39][40][41]. [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

“…For example, the antioxidant activity is mainly due to phenolic-type components, such as linalool, thymol, carvacrol, and D-limonene [64,65]. The antimicrobial activity is related to hydrophobicity Terpenoids have antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer [39,40,[53][54][55], antihypertensive, gastroprotective, antitumor, cytotoxic [40], and anti-inflammatory properties [53,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Terpenes constitute 90% of essential oils and present a great diversity of structures and compounds, such as limonene, p-cymene, α-pinene, and α-terpinene (monoterpenes) and such as carvacrol, thymol, and camphor (oxygenated monoterpenes).…”

Evidence of the effect of essential oils on oral squamous cell carcinoma tumor cell viability

“…Within this framework, the utilization of essential oils (eo) emerges as a promising avenue, given the reported favorable effects observed in various cancer types. Substantial evidence supports the beneficial impact of essential oils on human health, owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiproliferative attributes [3,13] . Research indicates that specific essential oils, including oregano, coriander, eucalyptus, cumin, and basil, exhibit antioxidant properties and serve as potent antitumor agents [14,15] .…”