“…The corresponding SERS enhancement factor of the dealloyed Au-based ligament structure was calculated in Supplementary Information. This result of the island structure being capable of resulting in more reflections of incident laser light was similar to our previous study of micro-pyramid structure using island lithography 14 . Figure 5 The Raman and SERS measurements.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 90%
“…The corresponding SERS enhancement factor of the dealloyed Au-based ligament structure was calculated in Supplementary Information. This result of the island structure being capable of resulting in more reflections of incident laser light was similar to our previous study of micro-pyramid structure using island lithography 14 .Figure 5The Raman and SERS measurements. ( a ) Raman spectra of 10 −3 M p -ATP on various substrates, ( b ) SERS spectra of different concentrations of p -ATP in the island region (solid line) and the valley region (dashed line) of Au-based ligament structure, ( c ) Raman intensities at 1076 and 1588 cm −1 as functions of the p -ATP concentration, and ( d ) the reproducibility of SERS spectra in the island and the valley regions of Au-based ligament structure.
…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
“…However, both ion lithography and e-beam lithography are high-cost and low fabrication efficiency, which become the main limitations of mass production. Therefore, some random nanostructures have been used for SERS substrates, such as nanopillar 14 and nanoporous substrate 15 , 16 . Nevertheless, most of the fabrication processes for nanopillar and nanoporous substrates need to use the high-cost vacuum system and are ineffective for mass production.…”
A new method to fabricate an Au-rich interconnected ligament substrate by dealloying the Au-based metallic glass ribbon for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications was investigated in this study. Specifically, three substrates, Au film, Au-based metallic glass ribbon, and dealloyed Au-based metallic glass ribbon, were studied. The dealloyed surface showed ligament nanostructure with protruding micro-islands. Based on the field emission scanning electron microscopy, reflection and scattering measurements, the dealloyed Au-based metallic glass provided a large surface area, multiple reflections, and numerous fine interstices to produce hot spots for SERS enhancements. The SERS signal of analyte, p-aminothiophenol, in the micro-island region of dealloyed Au-based metallic glass was about 2 orders of magnitude larger than the flat Au film. Our work provides a new method to fabricate the inexpensive and high SERS enhancements substrates.
“…The corresponding SERS enhancement factor of the dealloyed Au-based ligament structure was calculated in Supplementary Information. This result of the island structure being capable of resulting in more reflections of incident laser light was similar to our previous study of micro-pyramid structure using island lithography 14 . Figure 5 The Raman and SERS measurements.…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 90%
“…The corresponding SERS enhancement factor of the dealloyed Au-based ligament structure was calculated in Supplementary Information. This result of the island structure being capable of resulting in more reflections of incident laser light was similar to our previous study of micro-pyramid structure using island lithography 14 .Figure 5The Raman and SERS measurements. ( a ) Raman spectra of 10 −3 M p -ATP on various substrates, ( b ) SERS spectra of different concentrations of p -ATP in the island region (solid line) and the valley region (dashed line) of Au-based ligament structure, ( c ) Raman intensities at 1076 and 1588 cm −1 as functions of the p -ATP concentration, and ( d ) the reproducibility of SERS spectra in the island and the valley regions of Au-based ligament structure.
…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 87%
“…However, both ion lithography and e-beam lithography are high-cost and low fabrication efficiency, which become the main limitations of mass production. Therefore, some random nanostructures have been used for SERS substrates, such as nanopillar 14 and nanoporous substrate 15 , 16 . Nevertheless, most of the fabrication processes for nanopillar and nanoporous substrates need to use the high-cost vacuum system and are ineffective for mass production.…”
A new method to fabricate an Au-rich interconnected ligament substrate by dealloying the Au-based metallic glass ribbon for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications was investigated in this study. Specifically, three substrates, Au film, Au-based metallic glass ribbon, and dealloyed Au-based metallic glass ribbon, were studied. The dealloyed surface showed ligament nanostructure with protruding micro-islands. Based on the field emission scanning electron microscopy, reflection and scattering measurements, the dealloyed Au-based metallic glass provided a large surface area, multiple reflections, and numerous fine interstices to produce hot spots for SERS enhancements. The SERS signal of analyte, p-aminothiophenol, in the micro-island region of dealloyed Au-based metallic glass was about 2 orders of magnitude larger than the flat Au film. Our work provides a new method to fabricate the inexpensive and high SERS enhancements substrates.
“…The nanopillars of diameter about 150 nm and height 400 nm were fabricated by island lithography. The nanopillar-on-pyramid structure provides a large surface area and multiple reflections for SERS enhancement, which was about three orders of magnitude greater than that of the planar substrate [22].…”
“…Wet etching, also known as chemical wet etching or liquid etching, uses liquid chemicals or etchants to perform a material removal process on the sample surface (Chao et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2015;Kumar et al, 2015). The predefined masks with desired textures are attached to the sample surface before the chemical wet etching process.…”
SummaryTactile perception a concept with mechanical, physiological and psychological perspective, is of particular concern to the industrial companies and research area. The hedonic attributes of tactile perception are influential to our daily life like wearing clothes, using personal care products, holding tool handles or in domestic appliances. In a more general case, the tactile perception of surfaces of domestic appliances greatly affects the quality of our daily life.Stainless steel is one of the most common materials used in automobile, architecture, kitchenware and medical applications. In order to fabricate the pre-defined deterministic surface texture on the stainless steel material, the micro-fabrication techniques are investigated and discussed. Micro-casting, Chemical Wet Etching, Plasma Etching, Laser Surface Texturing LST and 3D Printing are the major fabrication methods to produce deterministic micro-structure in micro scale detail. In this thesis, LST is chosen to be the main fabrication method for producing the surface texture due to its accuracy and ability to fabricate on stainless steel sheet material.A skin contact model was modified based on Hertzian and Westergaard model to take into account the influence of surface texture and orientation effect. This two-term friction model enables the prediction of the contact area, sliding friction between the skin and counter-surface.Furthermore, the tactile perception involved textures were designed and investigated in both perception experiments and skin friction measurements. The thesis focusses on the relationships among tactile perception, sub-micron surface roughness features and friction at light touch conditions, with the general aim to discover design principles that enhance tactile perception.For the perception experiments, a panel test was conducted and the subjective ratings from 0 to 10 were graded by each participant to describe the level of perceived roughness, perceived stickiness and perceived comfort. For the skin friction measurements, a multi-axis force/torque transducer was used to measure the dynamic friction between skin and counter-surface in vivo.The correlation of the perception experiment and friction measurement provides design tools for texture design of future product surfaces. With the presented tactile friction model, a strategy was extracted for optimizing surfaces with respect to tactility. The pivotal element is minimizing the adhesion term of friction by minimizing the contact area by designing a surface texture with minimal contact area in sliding motion. In addition, the orientation effect is another key factor for the texture design. The results of the study can be beneficial to understand the tactility related research and product developments in the future.
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