Antiaging and Antioxidant Bioactivities of Asteraceae Plant Fractions on the Cellular Functions of the Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Abstract

Research on antioxidants has been gaining worldwide attention because of their essential applications for medicinal purposes. In this study, we conducted bioprospecting of six Asteraceae plants as the source of antiaging and antioxidant agents. Water and chloroform fractions from Ageratum conyzoides L., Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze, Galinsoga parviflora (Cav.), Mikania micrantha Kunth, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, and Synedrella nodiflora L. were collected and assayed for their in vitro antioxidant activities and potential antiaging properties using the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the model organism. Based on the in vitro assay, the water fractions of S. trilobata showed a strong antioxidant activity. Interestingly, all treatment solutions promoted the stress tolerance phenotype of S. pombe to strong H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, compared with the treatments without plant extract/fraction, all extract and fraction treatments, except the chloroform fractions of A. conyzoides, promoted yeast cell longevity. Strong induction of mitochondria activity was found following the treatments with the extracts and fractions of S. nodiflora, D. integrifolia, and M. micrantha and likely mimicked the calorie restriction-induced lifespan. Interestingly, S. nodiflora water fractions significantly upregulated the mRNA transcripts of the Pap1-mediated core environmental stress response, namely, ctt1 gene in S. pombe. These data indicated that the fractions of Asteraceae plants had potential antioxidant and antiaging activities through various cellular modulations. S. nodiflora water fraction has been shown to have antioxidant and antiaging activities in S. pombe, by modulating stress tolerance response, inducing mitochondrial activity, and increasing the ctt1 gene expression. Compounds analysis identified that S. nodiflora water fraction contained some primarily compounds including oxyphyllacinol, valine, and sugiol.

Galinsoga parviflora (Cav.): A comprehensive review on ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological studies

“… Potential use in cosmetology and management of inflammatory diseases. [ 35 ] DPPH - 1,1- diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil ; LAL - Limulus amebocyte lysate; HPLC-DAD-MS - High-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-mass spectrometry; HPTLC - High performance thin layer chromatography. …”

Mikania micranthaKunth: An Ethnopharmacological Treasure Trove of Therapeutic Potential

“…[47] The water extract, water fraction, and chloroform fraction of aerial parts of M. micrantha also possess potent antioxidant effects. [58] In a recent DPPH assay, the ethyl acetate leaf extracts, at 100 μg/mL, demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity among hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts. Among these three extracts, the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated similar antioxidant capacity (IC 50 ) in comparison with the ascorbic acid control.…”

“…[100] It has been demonstrated that M. micrantha aqueous extract, aqueous fraction, and chloroform fraction have antiaging properties in Schizosaccharomyces pombe by boosting the ctt1 gene expression, activating mitochondrial activity, and enhancing the yeast cells' tolerance to stress. [58]…”

“…The flavonoids, total phenols and antioxidants were found in higher quantities in red leaves than the green leaves [47] . The water extract, water fraction, and chloroform fraction of aerial parts of M. micrantha also possess potent antioxidant effects [58] . In a recent DPPH assay, the ethyl acetate leaf extracts, at 100 μg/mL, demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity among hexane, methanol, and ethyl acetate extracts.…”

Apoptosis in Yeast is Modulated by Clove Leaf Extract and Eugenol Potentially by Interfering Caspase YCA1

“…The ability of the plant extract is based on the compounds contained therein, such as alkaloids, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and triterpenoid. These compounds are thought to have high antioxidant activity, which can modulate the occurrence of apoptosis, either as an inducer or an inhibitor (Cortés-Rojas et al, 2014;Astuti et al, 2021).…”