Antibacterial Activity and Antibiofilm Properties of Satureja Essential Oil Against Periodontal Pathogens

Abstract

Background and Aim Periodontal diseases are among the most prevalent inflammatory diseases caused by oral bacteria. Expansion of oral biofilm causes various diseases such as gingival inflammation and periodontitis. The Satureja plant has various species, all of which are aromatic. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of some diseases. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Satureja essential oil on periodontal pathogens. Methods and Materials In this study, we evaluated four pathogens; Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Eikenella corrodens, and Actinomyces viscosus. We also used the disk diffusion test and broth microdilution method to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Satureja essential oil. Finally, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. Ethical Considerations The Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.67). Results In concentration of 0.1 g/mL of Satureja plant, Actinomyces viscosus, Streptococcus sanguinis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Eikenella corrodens were found to be sensible to resistance. The Satureja essential oil had the highest effect on Eikenella corrodens. Results obtained from the biofilm test showed no biofilm in a concentration of 12.5 mg/mL and higher of Satureja plant. Conclusion The Satureja plant was found to have an antibacterial and inhibitory effect on biofilm growth and formation in the oral cavity.

The Most Important Native Iranian Medicinal Plants Affecting The Bacteria that Cause Tooth Decay; A Systematic Review

“…For Enterococcusfaecalis, Streptococcussanguis, Eikenellacorrodens, Actinomycesviscose were 562.1, 562.1, 39.0, 562.1 μg/ml respectively (8) .…”

“…So that their stems, leaves and roots have been used (5) . Studies have shown that many native plants of Iran such as Salvia officinalis, Satureja have anti-tooth decay capabilities (6)(7)(8) . It has also been shown to have antimicrobial activity against oral microbes due to the presence of a wide range of metabolites such as flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenes, alkaloids and alcoholic sugars such as xylitol, which are then used in the treatment and control of tooth decay (9) .…”