Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity from basidiocarp extracts of the edible mushroom Lactarius indigo (Schw.) Fr. (Russulaceae)

Abstract

Aqueous and organic basidiocarp extracts of the edible mushroom Lactarius indigo were evaluated for their antibacterial and cytotoxic effects. 10, 20 and 30 mg of organic extracts were tested against diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains (EIEC, EPEC, ETEC-LT and ETEC-ST), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica. 10 mg of hexane extract showed activity against ETEC-LT (18.8 mm zone of inhibition) and P. aeruginosa (10.5 mm). All levels of the ethyl acetate extract inhibited all the strains, with stronger activity against EIEC (19.0 mm) and P. aeruginosa (21.0 mm) at 30 mg. Methanol extract inhibited all bacterial growth, but E. cloacae. 100 µg/ml of aqueous extract showed antiproliferative activity against MCF7 cells, but not on HeLa, A549 and normal bovine mammary epithelium cells. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited proliferation of HeLa cells (50 to 1000 ng/ml) but increased proliferation of A549 (100 ng/ml), as did methanol extract (500 ng/ml). Methanol extract did not inhibit normal rabbit serum fibroblast cells, while hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed an inhibitory effect with 50 and 100 ng/ml, respectively, less than in proliferation of HeLa cells. These results show that L. indigo basidiocarps contain substances with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.

Antimicrobial Activity and Metabolite Analysis of Ganoderma boninense Fruiting Body

“…The MIC values obtained ranged between 0.625 mg ml -1 to 5.000 mg ml -1 with methanol extract demonstrating the highest antimicrobial activity against Coagulase neg staphylococci while hot water extracts exhibited with the lowest antimicrobial activity. Comparatively moderate activities were observed in ethyl acetate extracts exhibited MIC values of 1.250 mg ml -1 (Enterobacter These were supported by few reports showed numerous strains of Ganoderma species and edible mushrooms exhibited broad spectrum of antibacterial properties in higher polarity extracts like ethyl acetate and methanol compare with lower polarity extracts like hexane [32][33][34] . However, the existence of low polar-soluble compounds in Ganoderma species or edible mushrooms are undeniable 35,24 .…”

Mushrooms to live or die: toxicity of some Basidiomycota using Artemia franciscana

“…[= A. nigricans (Sw.) Birkebak, Looney & Sánchez-García], resulting with a LD50 = 115.8 µg/mL on Artemia franciscana and a positive antibiotic activity over Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Schroeter (Gram-negative). Furthermore, there are evidences of the presence of antibiotic and cytotoxic compounds in some mushrooms such as L. indigo and P. spumosa (Ochoa-Zarzosa et al, 2011;Russo et al, 2007). According to Moshi et al (2006), the brine shrimp test also can be used to identify potential anticancer substances.…”