Antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of Penicillium citrinum Thom. endophytic in Jatropha heynei

Abstract

In the present study, the leaf, fruit, and root samples of Jatropha heynei were incubated using potato dextrose agar, malt extract agar, czapek dox agar, and water agar methods to determine colonization frequency and diversity indices of endophytic fungi. Thirty three endophytic fungal species of 20 genera were recovered from 5,400 segments of J. heynei and were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Species richness was high in leaf followed by root and fruit. Diversity indices varied depending on the season and different plant parts. The metabolites of endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum were tested for antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic studies in vitro. The culture filtrate (CF) extract of P. citrinum showed high antibacterial activity to Pseudomonas syringae (zone of inhibition 17.65 ± 1 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (zone of inhibition 16.32 ± 0.5 mm). The antioxidant potential was determined by cyclic voltammetry method based on the detection of redox potential of metabolites. The CF extract exhibited significant cytotoxic effect in both A549 and MCF-7 cell lines at 500 µg ml −1 with IC 50 values of 280.7 and 283.0 µg ml −1 , respectively. Orbitrap high resolution liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (OHR-LCMS) analysis of CF extract documented 21 bio-active compounds; major compounds include 8-hydroxyquinoline, trigonelline, spectinomycin, psoralidin, nicotinic acid, kanosamine, sulfamethazine, artemisinin, and other compounds with bioactive properties. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups that are attributed to antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer compounds profiled in the OHR-LCMS.

GC-MS Based Characterization, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anti-Oncogenic Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Aspergillus niger Strain AK-6 Isolated from Rhizospheric Soil

“…Previous studies have reported that ethyl acetate extracts of the fungi Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus isolated from different sites of Malaysian forest soil showed potential antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and E. coli [13][14][15]. Recently, Alkhulaifi et al (2019) reported that several fungal species isolated from Sultanate of Oman soil, identified as A. flavus, A. terreus, A. athecius, F. chlamydosporum and F. nygamai, showed significant antimicrobial activity against C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. albicans, L. acidophilus, S. gordonii, S. mutans and P. aeruginosa [16].…”

Efficacy of Penicillium limosum Strain AK-7 Derived Bioactive Metabolites on Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity against Human Ovarian Teratocarcinoma (PA-1) Cell Line

“…In a recent study, Penicillium citrinum Thom. exhibited anticancer potential against the A549 and MCF-7 cell lines with the IC 50 values of 280.7 and 283.0 µg/mL and showed a significant reduction in cell viabilities [52]. Anticancer activity is the ability of the compounds present in the microbial extract to exhibit antitumor potential.…”

Bioactive Compounds from Penicillium sp. Inhibit Antiapoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Mcl-1: An in silico Study

“…For instance, the culture filtrate of Penicillium citrinum has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic effects in A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. 11 Additionally, bioactive fraction isolated from Penicillium rubens has been found to induce apoptosis through upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression. 12 Other compounds derived from Penicillium sp., such as L-asparaginase and polyketide derivatives have demonstrated anticancer activity as well.…”