Antibacterial Drugs

Vardanyan, Ruben; Hruby, Victor

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411492-0.00031-6

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…(−)-Levofloxacin was found being twice as more active than ofloxacin. 422 The synthetic pathway including resolution of racemic mixture to obtain (−)-levofloxacin 384 was designed and performed as depicted in Scheme 52 . Based on this approach, the synthesis began from the reaction of 2,3-difluoro-6-nitrophenol 375 with chloroacetone 376 in the presence of K 2 CO 3 and potassium iodide to provide 1-(2,3-difluoro-6-nitrophenoxy)propan-2-one 377.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Nitrogen Prescribed Drugs Havingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed drugs containing nitrogen heterocycles: an overview

2020

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Section: Synthesis Of Nitrogen Prescribed Drugs Havingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribed drugs containing nitrogen heterocycles: an overview

2020

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“…Broad bimodal or multimodal profiles were observed for NIT. The basic action mechanism of nitrofuran ABs such as NIT is unclear (Vardanyan and Hruby, 2016). Multiple mechanisms like the inhibition of many microbial enzyme systems or damage to DNA, RNA and proteins are described (Blass, 2015;Vardanyan and Hruby, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic action mechanism of nitrofuran ABs such as NIT is unclear (Vardanyan and Hruby, 2016). Multiple mechanisms like the inhibition of many microbial enzyme systems or damage to DNA, RNA and proteins are described (Blass, 2015;Vardanyan and Hruby, 2016). These diverse mechanisms could explain the obtained profiles, since accumulations of different numbers of adequate resistance mechanisms could lead to a broad MIC distribution (Phillips, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of the Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility of Potential Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures Isolated From Cambodian Fermented Foods

Mayrhofer²,

Domig³

2022

Front. Food. Sci. Technol.

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The development of indigenous starter cultures for producing fermented foods that meet the expectations of Cambodians is necessary to preserve the country’s food supply. In this study, the safety of 46 lactic acid bacteria strains based on the phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility to clinically relevant antibiotics was assessed. The antibiotic susceptibility of 39 lactobacilli and seven pediococci isolated from Cambodian fermented foods to 16 antibiotics was studied according to ISO 10932/IDF 233. The results were interpreted based on the minimal inhibition concentrations obtained, using differently defined breakpoints and concentration distributions as well as data from the scientific literature. Applying only breakpoints, the results demonstrated two Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, three Companilactobacillus futsaii, three Levilactobacillus namurensis and seven Pediococcus pentosaceus strains with acquired resistance. However, considering further information, one Companilactobacillus futsaii, one Limosilactobacillus fermentum and respectively three Lactiplantibacillus pentosus and Levilactobacillus namurensis strains would possess an acquired resistance. The genetic background for the absence of transmissible antibiotic resistances in lactic acid bacteria strains intended for food application must be confirmed by molecular methods for potential starter cultures.

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“…Pradofloxacin is more active against Gram-positive bacteria comparative to previous generations. Also, pradofloxacin exhibits good activity against anaerobic bacteria, similar to moxifloxacin, and an equal or lower activity against Gram-negative bacteria [ 36 , 156 , 157 ]. The C8 cyano group appears to play an essential role in activity against Gram-positive when comparing finafloxacin with pradofloxacin ( Figure 7 ).…”

Section: Compounds In Therapy Since 2000mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

et al. 2021

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The evolution of the class of antibacterial quinolones includes the introduction in therapy of highly successful compounds. Although many representatives were withdrawn due to severe adverse reactions, a few representatives have proven their therapeutical value over time. The classification of antibacterial quinolones into generations is a valuable tool for physicians, pharmacists, and researchers. In addition, the transition from one generation to another has brought new representatives with improved properties. In the last two decades, several representatives of antibacterial quinolones received approval for therapy. This review sets out to chronologically outline the group of approved antibacterial quinolones since 2000. Special attention is given to eight representatives: besifloxacin, delafoxacin, finafloxacin, lascufloxacin, nadifloxacin and levonadifloxacin, nemonoxacin, and zabofloxacin. These compounds have been characterized regarding physicochemical properties, formulations, antibacterial activity spectrum and advantageous structural characteristics related to antibacterial efficiency. At present these new compounds (with the exception of nadifloxacin) are reported differently, most often in the fourth generation and less frequently in a new generation (the fifth). Although these new compounds’ mechanism does not contain essential new elements, the question of shaping a new generation (the fifth) arises, based on higher potency and broad spectrum of activity, including resistant bacterial strains. The functional groups that ensured the biological activity, good pharmacokinetic properties and a safety profile were highlighted. In addition, these new representatives have a low risk of determining bacterial resistance. Several positive aspects are added to the fourth fluoroquinolones generation, characteristics that can be the basis of the fifth generation. Antibacterial quinolones class continues to acquire new compounds with antibacterial potential, among other effects. Numerous derivatives, hybrids or conjugates are currently in various stages of research.

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Antibacterial Drugs

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Prescribed drugs containing nitrogen heterocycles: an overview

Prescribed drugs containing nitrogen heterocycles: an overview

An Evaluation of the Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility of Potential Lactic Acid Bacteria Starter Cultures Isolated From Cambodian Fermented Foods

Structural Characterization of the Millennial Antibacterial (Fluoro)Quinolones—Shaping the Fifth Generation

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