Antibacterial Flavonoids Against Oral Bacteria of Enterococcus Faecalis ATCC 29212 from Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) and Its Inhibitor Activity Against Enzyme MurA

Kurnia, Dikdik; Apriyanti, Eti; Soraya, Cut; Satari, Mieke Hemiawati

doi:10.2174/1570163815666180828113920

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“… 34 On the other hand, fosfomycin as a control showed the MIC value 62.5 μg/mL and does not have MBC value. 35 It means that fosfomycin just inhibits the bacteria growth but not kill the bacteria. Since compound 2 was found in a published paper, the MIC and MBC values were not reported, the structure will be used as a molecule model as isomer compound of 1 for in silico study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Allylpyrocatechol Derivatives as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Pathogen of S. sanguinis ATCC 10,556 and as Inhibitor of MurA Enzymes: in vitro and in silico Study

Kurnia

Hutabarat

Windaryanti

et al. 2020

DDDT

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Background Streptococcus sanguinis is Gram-positive bacteria that contribute to caries. Many antibacterial agents are resistant against bacteria so that the discovery of new antibacterial agents is a crucial issue. Mechanism of antibacterial agents by disrupting cell wall bacteria is a promising target to be developed. One of the enzymes contributing to the cell wall is MurA enzyme. MurA is an enzyme catalyzing the first step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the cell wall formation. Inhibiting MurA is an effective and efficient way to kill the bacteria. Source of bioactive compounds including the antibacterial agent can be found in natural product such as herbal plant. Piper betle L. was reported to contain active antibacterial compounds. However, there is no more information on the antibacterial activity and molecular mechanism of P. betle ’s compound against S. sanguinis . Purpose The study aims to identify antibacterial constituents of P. betle L. and evaluate their activities through two different methods including in vitro and in silico analysis. Materials and Methods The antibacterial agent was purified by bioactivity-guided isolation with combination chromatography methods and the chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods. The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion and dilution methods while the in silico study of a compound binds on the MurA was determined using PyRx program. Results The antibacterial compound identified as allylpyrocatechol showed inhibitory activity against S. sanguinis with an inhibition zone of 11.85 mm at 1%, together with MIC and MBC values of 39.1 and 78.1 μg/mL, respectively. Prediction for molecular inhibition mechanism of allylpyrocatechols against the MurA presented two allylpyrocatechol derivatives showing binding activity of −5.4, stronger than fosfomycin as a reference with the binding activity of −4.6. Conclusion Two allylpyrocatechol derivatives were predicted to have a good potency as a novel natural antibacterial agent against S. sanguinis through blocking MurA activity that causes disruption of bacterial cell wall.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Allylpyrocatechol Derivatives as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Pathogen of S. sanguinis ATCC 10,556 and as Inhibitor of MurA Enzymes: in vitro and in silico Study

Kurnia

Hutabarat

Windaryanti

et al. 2020

DDDT

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“…A previous study showed that the flavonoid isolate from the ethyl acetate fraction exhibits antibacterial properties against E. faecalis with an MIC of 156 mg/mL and an MBC of 625 mg/mL. 30 Flavonoids contained in the M. pendens fraction are very important to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis (caused by topoisomerase inhibition), cytoplasmic membrane function (membrane permeability and leakage), and inhibition energy metabolism. 6,29 Flavonoids such as rutin inhibit bacterial growth by topoisomerase inhibition, which is important for DNA synthesis; quercetin could reduce bacterial membrane permeability and antibacterial resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212

Kuswandani¹,

Satari²,

Maskoen³

2019

J Dent Indones

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Enterococcus faecalis can withstand harsh environmental conditions in the root canal and cause a secondary infection. Myrmecodia pendens is an herbal medicine rich in polyphenol compounds that have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Objectives: To analyze the effects of M. pendens fraction combination on the sensitivity of E. faecalis. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a serial microdilution method, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by adding the test sample to sterile Mueler Hinton agar medium. Results: The MIC of combination 1 (hexane-ethyl acetate, HE) was 0.049 mg/mL, whereas those of combinations 2 (hexane-water, HA) and 3 (ethyl acetate-water, EA) were 0.098 and 0.390 mg/ mL, respectively. The MIC of NaOCl was 0.390 mg/mL, and that of methanol extract was 0.390 mg/mL. The MBC of combination 1 (HE) was 12.50 mg/mL, whereas that of combinations 2 (HA) and 3 (EA) was 50 mg/mL. The MBC of NaOCl was 25 mg/mL and that of methanol extract was 50 mg/mL against E. faecalis. This study showed that fraction combinations increase the antibacterial effect of M. pendens against E. faecalis ATCC 29212. Conclusion: The HE fraction combination showed the best effect against E. faecalis and can be developed as an alternative endodontic irrigant.

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“…They were MurB (UniProt ID: Q830P3), RNA polymerase subunit beta (UniProt ID: Q82Z41), ribosomal subunit 30S (UniProt ID: Q82ZI6), ribosomal subunit 50S (UniProt ID: Q839E6), FsrB (UniProt ID: G8ADN9), and GBAP (UniProt ID: G8ADP0). Meanwhile, the eight ligands considered were M. pendans compounds that were published in previous studies [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. They were ( 1 ) butein or 2′,3,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone, ( 2 ) biflavonoid, ( 3 ) 3″-methoxy-epicatechin-3- O -epicatechin, ( 4 ) benzoic acid, ( 5 ) dibenzo- p -dioxin-2,8-dicarboxylic acid, ( 6 ) pomolic acid, ( 7 ) betulin, and ( 8 ) β -sitosterol tridecanoil glucopyranose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarang semut, Myrmecodia pendans , is one of the original Indonesian herb plants known to consist of antibacterial compounds [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. There are flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, and terpenoids, which have the ability to inhibit and kill bacteria including E. faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus sanguinis [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. However, their mechanism has not yet been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Bioactive Compound as Antibacterial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Agent from Myrmecodia pendans: An In Silico Study

et al. 2021

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Background: antibiotic resistance encourages the development of new therapies, or the discovery of novel antibacterial agents. Previous research revealed that Myrmecodia pendans (Sarang Semut) contain potential antibacterial agents. However, specific proteins inhibited by them have not yet been identified as either proteins targeted by antibiotics or proteins that have a role in the quorum-sensing system. This study aims to investigate and predict the action mode of antibacterial compounds with specific proteins by following the molecular docking approach. Methods: butein (1), biflavonoid (2), 3″-methoxyepicatechin-3-O-epicatechin (3), 2-dodecyl-4-hydroxylbenzaldehyde (4), 2-dodecyl-4-hydroxylbenzaldehyde (5), pomolic acid (6), betulin (7), and sitosterol-(6′-O-tridecanoil)-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8) from M. pendans act as the ligand. Antibiotics or substrates in each protein were used as a positive control. To screen the bioactivity of compounds, ligands were analyzed by Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) program. They were docked with 12 proteins by AutoDock Vina in the PyRx 0.8 software application. Those proteins are penicillin-binding protein (PBP), MurB, Sortase A (SrtA), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) gyrase, ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase, ribosomal protein, Cytolysin M (ClyM), FsrB, gelatinase binding-activating pheromone (GBAP), and PgrX retrieved from UniProt. The docking results were analyzed by the ProteinsPlus and Discovery Studio software applications. Results: most compounds have Pa value over 0.5 against proteins in the cell wall. In nearly all proteins, biflavonoid (2) has the strongest binding affinity. However, compound 2 binds only three residues, so that 2 is the non-competitive inhibitor. Conclusion: compound 2 can be a lead compound for an antibacterial agent in each pathway.

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Antibacterial Flavonoids Against Oral Bacteria of Enterococcus Faecalis ATCC 29212 from Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) and Its Inhibitor Activity Against Enzyme MurA

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

<p>Potential Allylpyrocatechol Derivatives as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Pathogen of<em> S. sanguinis</em> ATCC 10,556 and as Inhibitor of MurA Enzymes: in vitro and in silico Study</p>

<p>Potential Allylpyrocatechol Derivatives as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Pathogen of<em> S. sanguinis</em> ATCC 10,556 and as Inhibitor of MurA Enzymes: in vitro and in silico Study</p>

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Myrmecodia pendens Extract and Fraction Combination against Enter action Combination against Enterococcus faecalis A ococcus faecalis ATCC 29212

Effectiveness of Bioactive Compound as Antibacterial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Agent from Myrmecodia pendans: An In Silico Study

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