Antibacterial Nanopillar Array for an Implantable Intraocular Lens

Abstract

Postsurgical intraocular lens (IOL) infection caused by pathogenic bacteria can result in blindness and often requires a secondary operation to replace the contaminated lens. The incorporation of an antibacterial property onto the IOL surface can prevent bacterial infection and postoperative endophthalmitis. This study describes a polymeric nanopillar array (NPA) integrated onto an IOL, which captures and eradicates the bacteria by rupturing the bacterial membrane. This is accomplished by changing the behavior of the elastic nanopillars using bending, restoration, and antibacterial surface modification. The combination of the polymer coating and NPA dimensions can decrease the adhesivity of corneal endothelial cells and posterior capsule opacification without causing cytotoxicity. An ionic antibacterial polymer layer is introduced onto an NPA using an initiated chemical vapor deposition process. This improves bacterial membrane rupture efficiency by increasing the interactions between the bacteria and nanopillars and damages the bacterial membrane using quaternary ammonium compounds. The newly developed ionic polymer‐coated NPA exceeds 99% antibacterial efficiency against Staphylococcus aureus, which is achieved through topological and physicochemical surface modification. Thus, this paper provides a novel, efficient strategy to prevent postoperative complications related to bacteria contamination of IOL after cataract surgery.

Recent Advances of Intraocular Lens Materials and Surface Modification in Cataract Surgery

“…The modified IOL was proved to be able to reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on the surface. Likewise, a polymeric nanopillar array surface modification was engineered to disrupt bacterial membranes ( Choi et al, 2020 ). 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and DMAEMA were deposited onto the IOL surface to form p (VBC-co-DMAEMA) modification.…”

“…The scale bars are 1 cm. Reprinted from Choi et al (2020) , with the permission of Wiley. NPA, polymeric nanopillar array; pVD, crosslinked ionic polymer thin film.…”

3D Hierarchical Polyaniline–Metal Hybrid Nanopillars: Morphological Control and Its Antibacterial Application

“…To verify the synergetic effect of topography and chemical functionality, we adapted a thin ionic antibacterial polymer layer on the hierarchical structure via iCVD. In this case, a copolymer of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) (p(VBC-co-DMAEMA) or pVD) was selected as the antibacterial polymer because pVD shows excellent antibacterial performance using quaternary ammonium compounds [25]. For the colony assay, a pristine cell culture dish, a pVD-coated cell culture dish, and a pVD-coated PANI (pVD@PANI/Au HNS) structure with a size of 35 mm were incubated with a bacterial suspension (1.08 × 10 4 CFU/mL) for 120 min and the bacterial proliferation was assessed by agar plate counting (Figure 7b).…”

“…The elastic NPA was prepared via photolithography using a master mold and etching of a silicon wafer, and the NPA was replicated using a UV-curable polymer blend of polyurethane acrylate (PUA) and NOA63, called PUNO [15,24]. Further, the antibacterial capability PANI-modified NPAs was chemically modified using a copolymer of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) (p(VBC-co-DMAEMA) or pVD) via initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) [25][26][27]. To verify the antibacterial performance of the as-prepared PANI nanostructures on NPAs, Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 was selected as a model bacterium because it is the most well-known pathogen that causes foodborne illness in daily life.…”

All‐in‐One DNA Extraction Tube for Facilitated Real‐Time Detection of Infectious Pathogens

“…[25][26][27] The solvent-free deposition method can deposit functional polymer films conformally on various kinds of surfaces with high retention of chemical functions and uniformity. [28][29][30][31] Previously, a positively charged polymer was deposited via iCVD on a mesh filter [32] and a microfluidic chip [33] for the NA extraction, showing excellent capturing capability of DNA by rendering the device surface highly cationic.…”