Antibacterial susceptability of E. coli strains isolated from raw milk

Abstract

ntroduction. The processing of most raw milk products can lead to contamination with unwanted microflora due to poor sanitation and hygienic conditions. The inadequate antibiotic use over the past decades has led to the emergence and wide spread of bacterial populations, particularly of Escherichia coli, which developed resistance to antibacterial drugs.Material and methods. Raw milk samples were obtained from clinically healthy cows on farms from Kiev and Poltava regions to identify E . coli, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the EUCAST disk diffusion method and MU on “Determination of microbial susceptibility to antibacterial drugs”. Results. The examined milk samples revealed the presence of E . coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. isolates, which proves poor sanitary and hygienic conditions of milk production process. Escherichia coli isolates were found susceptible to Ampicillin/sulbactam, Cefoxitin (100%), Meropenem, Tobramycin (100%), Netilin, Tigecycline, Nitroxoline (100%), Gatifloxacin, and Nitrofurantoin (100%). The studied E. coli isolates were found resistant to Ampicillin (100%), Imipenem, Tetracycline, and Doxycycline (100%). 41.7% of isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus were found resistant to Oxacillin, of which 90% were resistant to Benzylpenicillin and 20% to Rifampicin. Conclusions.The circulation of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains among farm animals is a major problem requiring a strategy development aimed to prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance worldwide.

Occurrence, Pathogenic Potential and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Raw Milk Cheese Commercialized in Banat Region, Romania

“…Four antimicrobials, included in both utilized specific cards, with different mic range values, accounted for the highest resistance rates, namely: AMP (39.5%), followed by AMC (23.3%) and SXT (9.3%), but no resistance was recorded against GEN. In agreement with these findings, different resistance levels for the raw-milk/cheese-origin strains have been recorded for AMP in Ukraine (100%, [ 25 ]), China (46.3%, [ 26 ]), and India (8.9%, [ 22 ]); for AMC in Iran (100%, [ 11 ]), and Brazil (40.0% [ 27 ]); for SXT in Turkey (44.2%, [ 16 ]), and China (13.4%, [ 26 ]); and for GEN in Iran (100%, [ 10 ]), Turkey (53.7%, [ 16 ]), and India (3.3%, [ 22 ]). The recorded resistance for AMP, AMC and SXT in the present survey can be explained by the unrestricted and preferred usage of these drugs in the management of mammary gland infections by veterinarians in rural farming in Romania (Imre, unpublished results).…”

“…Furthermore, the resistance levels reported in the present study against ENR (100%), and remarkable in the case of NOR (28.6%), FOF (25.0%), and TET (13.3%) are quite disturbing. Different resistance rates have been observed for these drugs in several previous studies [ 10 , 11 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”