Antibacterical Potency of Calcium Hydroxide and Propolis Mixture on Mixed Bacteria of Carious Dentin

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: Calcium hydroxide has been known as the gold standard of pulp capping process, but still has some weaknesses such as a pH that is too high to be potentially toxic, resistant to certain bacteria, causing necrosis of the pulp, and causing a tunnel defect. This weakness causes researchers to look for alternative ingredients that have antibacterical properties that can be combined with calcium hydroxide. Propolis has antibacterial properties such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids which can work as the best carrier that allows dissociation of ions from calcium hydroxide so the combination of both that has antibacterial power is expected to have an effective antibacterial potency against the number of bacterial colonization with mixed dentine carious. Aims: This study aims to determine the antibacterial potency produced by a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis against mixed bacteria of carious dentine. Methods: The research was carried out using 4 treatment groups with each of 7 samples. Group I is a combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis with a ratio of 1: 1, group 2 with a ratio of 1: 1.5, group 3 with a ratio of 1: 2, and a positive control group. Each sample was put into a suspense of mixed bacteria of carious dentine, grown for 24 hours. Suspense is vortexed for 1 minute so the solution becomes homogeneous. Put 0.1 ml of suspended mixed bacteria of dentine carious from BHIB media, grown for 24 hours on MHA media and counted the number of colonies. Results: The highest number of colonies in the positive control group, then group 1, group 2, and the least number of colonies in group 3 with the most extract of propolis. Conclusion: The combination of calcium hydroxide and propolis with a ratio of 1: 2 has the best antibacterial power in inhibiting colonization of mixed bacteria of carious dentine.</jats:p>

The Effect of the Combination of Calcium Hydroxide With Green Tea Extract and Calcium Hydroxide With Cacao Peel Extract on the Number of Odontoblast-like Cells and Collagen Type I

“…When the dental pulp is exposed, the technique used is direct pulp capping. The indirect pulp capping technique is used in conditions where there is still a thin layer of dentin (6). Calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2) is gold standard material for pulp capping.…”

Propolis Extract Sorption as a Pulpcapping Agent

“…Besides, the use of natural ingredients as medicine rarely causes adverse side effects compared to drugs which are made from synthetic materials. 1,2 Propolis is one of the biological ingredients of traditional medicine that has been known since ancient times and it was used as an antiseptic to heal wounds and as a mouthwash in medieval times among Arabian doctors. 3,4 The pharmacological active molecules in propolis are organic volatile components, flavonoids, phenolic acids and other ester groups, phenol aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, quinones, coumarins, steroids and amino acids.…”