Antibiofilm Activity of Propolis Extract on<i>Fusarium</i>Species from Onychomycosis

Galletti, Juliana; Tobaldini-Valério, Flávia; Silva, Sónia; Kioshima, Érika Seki; Trierveiler‐Pereira, Larissa; Bruschi, Marcos Luciano; Negri, Melyssa; Svidzinski, Terezinha Inez Estivalet

doi:10.2217/fmb-2017-0052

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of planktonic cells was performed using a microdilution method adapted from Galletti et al (2016) and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [CLSI] (2008) M38-A2 protocol. For this test, the serial dilution was performed at a ratio of two, from 1:2 to 1:1024.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propolis Extract for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment: From Bench to Clinic

et al. 2018

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Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of nails, commonly caused by dermatophyte fungi, primarily species of Trichophyton. Because of the limited drug arsenal available to treat general fungal infections and the frequent failure of onychomycosis treatment, the search for new therapeutic sources is essential, and topical treatment with natural products for onychomycosis has been encouraged. Propolis, an adhesive resinous compound produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera), has shown multiple biological properties including significant antifungal and anti-biofilm activities in vitro. In spite of promising in vitro results, in vivo results have not been reported so far. This study assessed an ethanol propolis extract (PE) as a topical therapeutic option for onychomycosis, including its characterization in vitro and its applicability as a treatment for onychomycosis (from bench to clinic). The in vitro evaluation included analysis of the cytotoxicity and the antifungal activity against the planktonic cells and biofilm formed by Trichophyton spp. We also evaluated the capacity of PE to penetrate human nails. Patients with onychomycosis received topical PE treatments, with a 6-month follow-up period. The results of the in vitro assays showed that PE was non-toxic to the cell lines tested, and efficient against both the planktonic cells and the biofilm formed by Trichophyton spp. The results also showed that PE is able to penetrate the human nail. The results for PE applied topically to treat onychomycosis were promising, with complete mycological and clinical cure of onychomycosis in 56.25% of the patients. PE is an inexpensive commercially available option, easy to obtain and monitor. Our results indicated that PE is a promising natural compound for onychomycosis treatment, due to its ability to penetrate the nail without cytotoxicity, and its good antifungal performance against species such as Trichophyton spp. that are resistant to conventional antifungals, both in vitro and in patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propolis Extract for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment: From Bench to Clinic

et al. 2018

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“…Similar to the results found in this research, propolis extract also showed antibiofilm activity against clinical isolates and ATCC of Fusarium species found in patients with onychomycosis, where it was found that the biomass of the treatments decreased significantly when compared to the control, as well as the number. of viable cells (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propolis is a resin and a natural product with medicinal properties. The production of propolis occurs from the collection of plant structures and its mixture with wax and salivary enzymes, having the modeling function of a varnish, besides protecting and sterilizing the internal and external parts of the hive, keeping the humidity and temperature (4–6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Antibiofilm and Antifungal Activity of Green Propolis againstCandidaspecies in dentistry material

Bezerra

Borges

Alves

et al. 2020

Preprint

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31Background: This study evaluated the influence of green propolis' extract on the 32 adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida species on dentistry material. Methods: 33 Phytochemical analysis of green propolis' extract was performed by High Performance 34 Liquid Chromatography. Adhesion was quantified in a Neubauer chamber, counting the 35 number of yeast cells adhered to the fragments; Biofilm formation was determined by 36 counting the number of colony forming units (CFU). The intensity of biofilm formation 37 adhesion was classified as negative, weak, moderate, strong and very strong. Fifteen 38 compounds were identified in green propolis extract, mainly flavonoids. Results: All 39 strains were able to adhere and form biofilm on the surface of the orthodontic materials 40 studied. In steel and resin, the adhesion intensity of the yeast cells was weak at all 41 incubation times, except for C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis which at 12hs showed 42 moderate intensity. Regarding biofilm formation (24 and 48 hours), it was observed in 43 the steel that C. albicans had moderate intensity at 24 and 48 hours; C. parapsilosis at 44 24 and 48 hours had very strong intensity; C. tropicalis at 24 hours had strong intensity 45 and at 48 hours very strong. While in the resin, all species at 24 and 48 hours had strong 46 intensity, except for C. tropicalis which at 48 hours had very strong intensity. Green 47 propolis extract showed antifungal activity and was able to inhibit both adhesion and 48 biofilm formation at 2.5 µg/mL. Conclusions: This study reinforces the idea that green 49 propolis has antifungal activity and interferes with virulence factors of Candida species. 50 Keywords: Green Propolis; Candida sp, Biofilm; Dentistry material. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 3 59 BACKGROUND 60In recent years the use of orthodontic materials has increased for aesthetic, surgical 61 and biofunctional purposes. Polymers, ceramics, composites, resin, steels and their 62 alloys are used in the manufacture of dental prostheses, screws and orthodontic 63 appliances and when implanted in the oral cavity they are exposed to colonization and 64 biofilm formation by microorganisms that live in the oral cavity. Alongside with the pH 65 and saliva, these devices are targets of biofilm formation especially produced by 66 Candida spp. (1). 67 A combination of factors contribute to Candida sp biofilm formation, salivary 68 flow, low pH, poor oral hygiene and the type of orthodontic material contribute to 69 biofilm colonization and formation (2). During colonization and biofilm formation, oral 70 microbiota secrete enzymes and exopolysaccharides to colonize a surface, thus the 71 biofilm constitutes as a film of organic components that are absorbed from saliva 72 forming an extracellular polymeric matrix and thus the multicellular community 73 (bacteria or fungus) is incorporated into the extracellular matrix (ECM) (1-3). 74The formation of biofilm in orthodontic materials raises concern as, when 75 installed, increases the risk of infection...

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“…And, an emerging fungal pathogen that has stood out in terms of its potential for biofilm formation is Fusarium . The incidence of fusariosis has been increased in recent years, and there are many reports in the literature showing onychomycosis and keratitis cases caused by biofilm‐forming fungi 5,6 . When related to keratitis, they originate mainly from eye trauma or the use of contact lenses, whereas in cases of onychomycosis, nail trauma is in evidence 7‐10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic association of clioquinol with antifungal drugs against biofilm forms of clinical Fusarium isolates

Chaves

Amaral

Coutinho

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Summary Background The influence of biofilm on the complexity of fungal diseases has been reported in recent years, especially in non‐invasive mycoses such as keratitis and onychomycosis. The difficulty in treating cases of fusariosis in the human medical clinic exemplifies this situation, because when Fusarium spp. are present in the form of biofilm, the permeation of antifungal agents is compromised. Objectives This study proposes an association of clioquinol, an inhibitor of fungal cells with antifungal drugs prescribed to combat fusariosis in humans. Methods Susceptibility was assessed by microdilution in broth. Formation of biofilm by staining with violet crystal. Inhibition and removal of biofilm using the MTT colorimetric reagent. Time‐kill combination, hypoallergenicity test, cytotoxicity test and toxicity prediction by computer analysis were also performed. Results Clioquinol associated with voriconazole and ciclopirox inhibited biofilm formation. Possibly, clioquinol acts in the germination and elongation of hyphae, while voriconazole prevents cell adhesion and ciclopirox the formation of the extracellular polymeric matrix. The CLIO‐VRC association reduced the biofilm formation by more than 90%, while the CLIO‐CPX association prevented over 95%. None of the association was irritating, and over 90% of the leucocytes remained viable. Computational analysis does not reveal toxicity relevant to CLIO, whereas VRC and CPX showed some risks for systemic use, but suitable for topical formulations. Conclusions The combination of CLIO‐VRC or CLIO‐CPX proved to be a promising association strategy in the medical clinic, both in combating fungal keratitis and onychomycosis, since they prevent the initial process of establishing an infection, the formation of biofilm.

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Antibiofilm Activity of Propolis Extract onFusariumSpecies from Onychomycosis

Abstract: Propolis extract can be an alternative topical treatment of onychomycosis caused by Fusarium spp.

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Propolis Extract for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment: From Bench to Clinic

Propolis Extract for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment: From Bench to Clinic

Highly Efficient Antibiofilm and Antifungal Activity of Green Propolis againstCandidaspecies in dentistry material

Synergistic association of clioquinol with antifungal drugs against biofilm forms of clinical Fusarium isolates

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