Antibiogram of Pseudomonas species: an important tool to combat antibiotic resistance for patient safety in Gombe, Nigeria

Manga, Mohammed Mohammed; Ibrahim, Mubarak; Isaac, Elon Warnow; Hassan, Munaza; Muhammad, G.; Hassan, U.M.; Yunusa-Kaltungo, Zainab

doi:10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.21

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Gram negative bacteria E. coli, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas had low to moderate sensitivity to cephalosporins and the penicillin especially the first line antibiotics. This was similar to an earlier report from our centre [99]. Duru et al…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020

Isaac¹,

Jalo²,

Manga³

et al. 2022

OJMM

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Introduction: Automated blood culture systems for incubation and growth monitoring have become the standard in high-income countries (HICs), but are still relatively expensive and not universally available for implementation in most low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to report blood culture isolates using Automated technique in children and adults admitted into the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe from 2016 to 2020. Materials and Methods: Blood Culture Isolates in children (0 -18 years) and adults (>19 yrs) by Bactec 9050 Automated culture system from 2016-2020 were retrieved from the medical and laboratory register. Information analyzed included, age, sex, month, and year and culture growth and reported antibiotic sensitivity. A Bactec Blood culture tests is $20 in this facility. In Nigeria, the minimum monthly wage is $70 (Official currency exchange rate is N423/US Dollar). Results: Of the 1713 blood cultures performed, children 0 -18 years were 1322 (77.2%) and adult (19 years above) (22.8%). Overall positivity was 733 (42.2%) with males 385 (52.5%). Of the 1322 Blood cultures (BC) in children 615 (46.5%) were positive for isolates and adults 118 (30.2)%. Blood culture positivity decreased with increasing age with newborns 251 (34.5%) and adults > 65 years 18 (2.5%). Staphylococcus aureus constituted 61.3% of all isolates and was the leading isolates in all age groups; Alkaligenes (9.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020

Isaac¹,

Jalo²,

Manga³

et al. 2022

OJMM

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“…All the S. aureus isolates in our study were resistant to penicillin G, which is similar to the results reported by Andrianarivelo et al, (20) (24) in Morocco. Resistance rate of S. aureus to gentamicin was 20% in our study but lower rates were reported in different studies conducted in Madagascar with 5.67% (18), Burkina Faso with 0% (25), Uganda with 0% (26) and Morocco with 2.2% (24). The best anti-staphylococcal activities were exhibited by chloramphenicol (100% sensitivity), clindamycin (100% sensitivity) and fusidic acid (90% sensitivity), which was in concordance with results from studies conducted in Burkina Faso (25) and Madagascar (20).…”

Section: Antibiotic Profile Of Selected Mdr Bacteriacontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…A low resistance rate to imipenem was reported by Ettu et al, (15) in Nigeria, but Osundiya et al, (16) in Lagos reported high ceftazidime resistance rate of 79.4%, while ceftazidime resistance rate of 23.5% was reported by Kpoda et al, (17) in Burkina Faso. Our study report resistance rate of P. aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin of 33.3% but a higher rate (73.8%) was reported by Manga et al, (18) in Nigeria. Levofloxacin and amikacin had the best activity against P. aeruginosa isolates with sensitivity rate of 77.2% for each antibiotic in our study.…”

Section: Antibiotic Profile Of Selected Mdr Bacteriacontrasting

confidence: 53%

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

Abdoulaye¹,

Bacha²,

Aghali³

et al. 2022

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Background: Today, bacterial resistance is a public health challenge throughout the world, and infections caused by resistant bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and health care costs. The objective of this descriptive study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) clinical bacteria isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder, Niger Republic in 2021.Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of in- and out-patients from whose clinical samples’ bacteria were isolated at the bacteriology unit of the laboratory. Bacteria were isolated from the clinical samples following standard aerobic cultures and identified using conventional biochemical test schemes. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) was performed by the agar disk diffusion technique, and categorization of the isolates into sensitive, intermediate or resistant was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. MDR was defined as resistance to at least one antibiotic in three or more categories, while selected MDR bacteria such as ESBL was identified using double disk synergy test, and MRSA by cefoxitin disk diffusion test.Results: Seventy-seven (6.7%) bacterial species were isolated from 1153 clinical samples processed at the bacteriology unit of the hospital laboratory between June and December 2021, of which 65.0% (50/77) were members of the order Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli represented 40.3% (40/77) of the isolated bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus 13.0% (10/77) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11.7% (9/77). The overall prevalence of MDR was 44.2% (34/77), including 61.8% (21/34) ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales (ESBL-E), 26.5% (9/34) multi-resistant P. aeruginosa and 11.7% (4/34) MRSA, with 67.6% (23/34) of the MDR isolates from outpatients. Resistance rates of the Enterobacteriales to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin and imipenem were 62.0%, 52.0%, 38.0% and 8.0% respectively. Resistance rates of P. aeruginosa were 100.0%, 88.9%, 77.8%, 33.3%, 22.2%, and 22.2% respectively to ceftazidime, ticarcillin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and amikacin. Resistance rates of S. aureus were 100.0%, 50.0%, 40.0%, 10.0%, 0% and 0% to penicillin G, erythromycin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, fusidic acid, and chloramphenicol respectively. ESBL-E were 47.6%, 85.7% and 0% resistant to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem, and MRSA resistance rates were 75.0%, 75.0%, 50.0% and 0% to erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol respectively.Conclusion: This study reports high prevalence of MDR bacteria, mainly ESBL-E, with concerning high resistance to carbapenem. Rational use of antibiotics and implementation of surveillance system for MDR bacteria must be implemented in order to limit the emergence and spread of MDR bacteria in Niger Republic. Contexte: Aujourd'hui, la résistance bactérienne est un défi de santé publique dans le monde entier, et les infections causées par des bactéries résistantes sont associées à une augmentation de la morbidité, de la mortalité et des coûts des soins de santé. L'objectif de cette étude descriptive est de déterminer la prévalence et la distribution des isolats cliniques de bactéries multirésistantes (MDR) à l'Hôpital National de Zinder,République du Niger en 2021.Méthodologie: Nous avons mené une étude transversale descriptive des patients hospitalisés et ambulatoires dont les bactéries des échantillons cliniques ont été isolées à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire. Les bactéries ont été isolées des échantillons cliniques à la suite de cultures aérobies standard et identifiées à l'aide de schémas de tests biochimiques conventionnels. Les antibiogrammes (AST) ont été réalisés par la technique de diffusion sur disque de gélose, et la catégorisation des isolats en sensibles, intermédiaires ou résistants a été faite selon les recommanda- tions du Comité Antibiogramme de la Société Française de Microbiologie (CA-SFM) 2020 version 1.2. La MDR a été définie comme la résistance à au moins un antibiotique dans trois catégories ou plus, tandis que certaines bactéries MDR telles que les BLSE ont été identifiées à l'aide d'un test de synergie à double disque et le SARM par le test de diffusion sur disque de céfoxitine.Résultats: Soixante-dix-sept (6,7%) espèces bactériennes ont été isolées à partir de 1153 échantillons cliniques traités à l'unité de bactériologie du laboratoire hospitalier entre juin et décembre 2021, dont 65,0% (50/77) appartenaient à l'ordre des Enterobacteriales. Escherichia coli représentait 40,3% (40/77) des bactéries isolées, Staphylococcus aureus 13,0% (10/77) et Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11,7% (9/77). La prévalence globale des MDR était de 44,2% (34/77), dont 61,8% (21/34) d'Enterobacteriales productrices de BLSE (BLSE-E), 26,5% (9/34) de P. aeruginosa multirésistantes et 11,7% (4/34) SARM, avec 67,6% (23/34) des isolats de MDR provenant de patients externes. Les taux de résistance des Enterobacteriales à la ciprofloxacine, à la gentamicine, à l'amikacine et à l'imipénème étaient respectivement de 62,0%, 52,0%, 38,0% et 8,0%. Les taux de résistance de P. aeruginosa étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 88,9%, 77,8%,33,3%, 22,2% et 22,2% à la ceftazidime, à la ticarcilline, à l'imipénème, à la ciprofloxacine, à la lévofloxacine et à l'amikacine. Les taux de résistance de S. aureus étaient respectivement de 100,0%, 50,0%, 40,0%, 10,0%, 0% et 0% à la pénicilline G, à l'érythromycine, à la céfoxitine, à la tétracycline, à l'acide fusidique et au chloramphénicol. Les BLSE-E étaient de 47,6%, 85,7% et 0% de résistance à l'amikacine, à la ciprofloxacine et à l'imipénème, et les taux de résistance au SARM étaient respectivement de 75,0%, 75,0%, 50,0% et 0% à l'érythromycine, la tétracycline, la gentamicine et le chloramphénicol. Conclusion: Cette étude rapporte une prévalence élevée de bactéries MDR, principalement des BLSE-E, avec une résistance élevée aux carbapénèmes. L'utilisation rationnelle des antibiotiques et la mise en place d'un système de surveillance des bactéries MDR doivent être mises en oeuvre afin de limiter l'émergence et la propagation des bactéries MDR en République du Niger.

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“…In clinical settings, obtaining an antibiogram before administering antibiotics can enable healthcare providers to select the most suitable antibiotic by identifying the specific bacteria causing the infection and their susceptibility to different antibiotics, ensuring optimal treatment outcomes. 12 Moreover, it aids in combating antibiotic resistance, 13 as tailoring treatment based on antibiogram results minimizes the risk of fostering antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, which can mitigate the occurrence of associated adverse reactions and shorten hospital stays. 14 The Middle East faces a serious challenge with antibiotic resistance due to the high frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections, especially among Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of antibiogram performance and antibiotic resistance patterns in the northern Syrian region: A cross-sectional investigation

Bourgi,

Olaby,

Najdi

et al. 2024

Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy

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Antibiogram of Pseudomonas species: an important tool to combat antibiotic resistance for patient safety in Gombe, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020

Transitioning to Automated Microbiologic Era: Blood Culture Isolates in Children and Adults in Federal Teaching Hospital in Gombe, North East Nigeria 2016-2020

Profile of multidrug-resistant clinical bacterial isolates at the National Hospital of Zinder (NHZ), Niger Republic in 2021

Predictors of antibiogram performance and antibiotic resistance patterns in the northern Syrian region: A cross-sectional investigation

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