Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Dental Treatment in Patients with Immunodeficiency

Squire, Jacqueline D.; Gardner, Pamela J.; Moutsopoulos, Niki M.; Leiding, Jennifer W.

doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.016

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Oral microbiota continuously enter the gastrointestinal tract during feeding and swallowing, but their relative proportions are very different in these sites. Systemic translocation or oral microbiota also occurs constitutively through the gingival crevice, and can be exacerbated by dental infection or tissue disruption during dental procedures (16). Indeed, constituents of the oral microbiome are found in the gut and lung and systemic bacteremia with oral microbiota has been documented transiently after dental procedures or in the presence of oral disease (16).…”

Section: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This typically has occurred in the presence of dental infection and associated with a dental procedure in patients with prosthetic heart valves or a history of previous endocarditis. Prophylactic antibiotic for at-risk individuals has mitigated the incidence of this disease, but still remains a risk for patients with undiagnosed cardiovascular susceptibility (16). Oral microbiota implicated in ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) (17).…”

Section: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of host-microbe interactions at oral mucosal barriers by type 17 immunity

2020

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The oral mucosa is a primary barrier site and a portal for entry of microbes, food, and airborne particles into the gastrointestinal tract. Nonetheless, mucosal immunity at this barrier remains understudied compared with other anatomical barrier sites. Here, we review basic aspects of oral mucosal histology, the oral microbiome, and common and clinically significant diseases that present at oral mucosal barriers. We particularly focus on the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17)/T helper 17 (TH17) responses in protective immunity and inflammation in the oral mucosa. IL-17/TH17 responses are highly relevant to maintaining barrier integrity and preventing pathogenic infections by the oral commensal fungus Candida albicans. On the other hand, aberrant IL-17/TH17 responses are implicated in driving the pathogenesis of periodontitis and consequent bone and tooth loss. We discuss distinct IL-17–secreting T cell subsets, emphasizing their regulation and function in oropharyngeal candidiasis and periodontitis.

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Section: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Oral Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of host-microbe interactions at oral mucosal barriers by type 17 immunity

2020

Self Cite

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“…If the patient's neutrophil count is less than 1000/mm3, dental treatments should be delayed or it is recommended to discuss necessity of AP with the medical team before continuing treatment. 38 Also, chlorhexidine mouthwash alone should not be recommended as a prophylaxis against IE to patients at risk of IE undergoing dental procedures. 8 According to current guidelines, intermediate and low risk patients should probably avoid AP for dental procedures that involve manipulation of the gingiva or periapical region of the teeth or involve perforation of the oral mucosa.…”

Section: The Impact Of Changing Antibiotic Prophylaxis Guidelines After 2007-2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis in Dentistry: Current Perspective

Candan

2021

Cumhuriyet Dental Journal

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Infective endocarditis (IE) is a important heart disease with high morbidity and mortality. Current guidelines suggest antibiotic prohylaxis (AP) to individuals having high risk of IE. These high risk patients include the patients with background of IE, biological or a mechanical prosthetic valve, or a surgically constructed systemic or pulmonary conduit/ shunt. The restriction of AP is due to concerns about increased comprehension regarding antibiotic resistance and daily incidence of bacteraemia. Many researchers have examined the effect of restricting AP on the incidence of IE and found different results. Since these studies are mostly observational, researchers could not establish a causal link between the limitation of AP and the change in the incidence of IE. Until the subject is clarified with randomizedcontrolled studies, dental professionals should periodically visit guidelines for updates on AP.

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“…[28][29][30][31] Another issue is that, currently, there are no guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis for patients affected by primary immunodeficiency diseases or immunosuppression due to systemic diseases. 32…”

Section: American Heart Association Guidelines For Antibiotic Prophylmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of infective endocarditis and bacterial resistance to antibiotics: A brief review

Loyola-Rodríguez

Miranda

Loyola-Leyva

et al. 2019

Special Care in Dentistry

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The purpose of this statement is to debate the recommendations of the American Heart Association (AHA) for the prevention of infective endocarditis through an antibiotic prophylaxis protocol and its relation with bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Since dental infections involve biofilms that include several bacterial species (Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive), it is essential, from the dental point of view, to consider the frequency, magnitude, and duration of bacteremia associated with active dental infections before applying antibiotic prophylaxis. The actual guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis should be revised according to recent evidence of bacterial resistance. Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and moxifloxacin should be considered due to their effectiveness against bacteria associated with oral, GU, and GI infections and the low rates of antibiotic resistance associated with these antibiotics, instead of the actual protocol, which includes amoxicillin (2 g) or clindamycin (600 mg) administered an hour before the dental procedures. The breaking point to test the antibiotic bacterial resistance (ABR) had a wide range in the different studies that were analyzed, which could explain the widely varied ABR percentages reported for the various antibiotics used for antibiotic prophylaxis.

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Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Dental Treatment in Patients with Immunodeficiency

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Regulation of host-microbe interactions at oral mucosal barriers by type 17 immunity

Regulation of host-microbe interactions at oral mucosal barriers by type 17 immunity

Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis in Dentistry: Current Perspective

Prevention of infective endocarditis and bacterial resistance to antibiotics: A brief review

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