Antibiotic residues in broiler and layer meat in Chittagong district of Bangladesh

Abstract

The present study was described thin layer chromatography (TLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method for the detection of antibacterial substances in poultry muscle (breast and thigh), kidney, and liver.Materials and Methods: TLC method was used for screening detection of tetracycline, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin residues in poultry tissues. The samples were extracted with trichloroacetic acid (30%), diethyl ether, followed by detection in pre-coated TLC paper on ultraviolet detector. The UHPLC method was used for the quantification of antimicrobial residues in poultry tissues. Results:The residues of tetracycline were 48% in livers, 24% in kidneys, 20% in thigh muscles, and 24% in breast muscles. Ciprofloxacin residues were found 44% in liver, 42% in kidneys, 34% in thigh muscles and 30% in breast muscles. Enrofloxacin residues were found 40% in liver, 34% in kidneys, 22% in thigh muscles, and 18% in breast muscles. Amoxicillin residues were found 42% in liver, 30% in kidneys, 26% in thigh muscles and 22% in breast muscles. Most of the cases highest residues were found in liver such as tetracycline (48%), ciprofloxacin (44%), enrofloxacin (40%) and amoxicillin (42%) and almost lowest in breast muscles. In addition, nine positive samples from broiler were selected for amoxicillin residue quantification by UHPLC. It was observed that the concentration of amoxicillin residue in liver was ranging from 16.92 μg/kg to 152.62 μg/kg and in breast muscle was 45.38 μg/kg to 60.55 μg/kg, respectively. The maximum and minimum peak time was 4.7-5.2 min. Among the poultry tissues, liver had the highest level of antibiotic residues in comparison to other samples but the variation was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusions:Evidence suggests that more judicious use of antimicrobials in food animals will reduce the selection of resistant bacteria and help to preserve these valuable drugs for both human and veterinary medicine. The method described in this study is a simple, easy inexpensive which can be readily adopted by any laboratory for the detection of antibiotic residues in tissues of food-producing animals.

Risk of multi-drug resistant Campylobacter spp. and residual antimicrobials at poultry farms and live bird markets in Bangladesh

“…Among the known genetic mechanisms of such antimicrobial resistance include the horizontal transfer of multiple resistant genes, often found tandemly located in large mobile elements (e.g., plasmids, Class I integron, conjugative transposon) in the bacterial genome and mutations in genes, including gyrA and gyrB of DNA gyrase and parC and parE of topoisomerase IV, regulating efflux pump systems and insertional modulation in cmeB gene inactivating the CmeABC multidrug efflux pump [46]. The presence of residual content of antimicrobials in most of the tested poultry meat and liver samples in this study is similar to observations reported from another region in Bangladesh [21]. The higher occurrence of such contamination in liver tissue than meat samples (Table 3) is in accordance with their biological processing within poultry animal.…”

“…Since a few studies have observed the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter spp. in poultry farms, detection of antimicrobial residues, together with socio-environmental risks prevailing in poultry farming and LBMs in Bangladesh have not been adequately explored [20,21] .…”

Risk of multi-drug resistant Campylobacter spp. and residual antimicrobials at poultry farms and live bird markets in Bangladesh

“…Among the known genetic mechanisms of such antimicrobial resistance include the horizontal transfer of multiple resistant genes, often found tandemly located in large mobile elements (e.g., plasmids, Class I integron, conjugative transposon) in the bacterial genome and mutations in genes, including gyrA and gyrB of DNA gyrase and parC and parE of topoisomerase IV, regulating efflux pump systems and insertional modulation in cmeB gene inactivating the CmeABC multidrug efflux pump [37]. The presence of residual content of antimicrobials in most of the tested poultry meat and liver samples in this study is similar to observations reported from another region in Bangladesh [13]. The higher occurrence of such contamination in liver tissue than meat samples (Table 3) is in accordance with their biological processing within poultry animal.…”

Assessment of Doxycycline and Oxytetracycline Residues in Broiler Meat

“…In contrast, the examined samples of meat and kidney were accepted where their OTC residue was within the permissible l Salehzadeh et al (2006) who recorded that the positive samples showed MRLs 27.77%, 95.55% and (18.88%) in muscles, liver and kidney samples, respectively, Olatoye and Ehinmowo (2009), Hussein and Khalil (2013) , Hosnia et al (2015) and El-Bagory et al (2016) who recorded that the positive samples showed 55%,70% and 70% of the examined samples of local broilers meat, liver and kidneys were positive However, lower results were reported by Sattar et al (2014), Sewond et al (2014) and Lara et al (1992) who recorded that the levels of OTC residues (ug/g) ranged from 0.012 -0.014µg ∕ g in chicken meat samples.…”