Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated From Blood Cultures

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients in 2012. Methods: Antibiotic resistance rates of isolated Gram-negative bacteria were evaluated retrospectively from patients' files. In this study, 106 Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients' blood culture samples in intensive care units and clinical services were evaluated. Blood samples inoculated into BacT/Alert ® FA Plus aerobic bottles and were followed in a fully automated blood culture device, BacT/Alert ® 3D (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France). The identification and antibiotic sensitivity tests of the isolated microorganisms were performed using automated VI-TEK ® 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) system and the results were evaluated according to the standards of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: The most frequently isolated Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (37.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (13.2%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in 52.5% of E. coli and 83.3% of K. pneumoniae strains. The most effective antibiotics in vitro for ESBL producing and non-producing strains of both types were found as imipenem and meropenem. Resistance to antibiotics tested in ESBL-producing strains of E. coli was found to be significantly higher than non-ESBL-producing strains (p<0.05). In our study, aminoglycosides, particularly amikacin, was found to be the most effective agents for P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii strains. Imipenem and amikacin were found as most effective antibiotics for the Enterobacter spp. isolated in this study. Conclusions: All institutions should determine their microbial agent and antibiotic resistance profiles and establish their own antibiotic treatment policies and follow current guidelines for empirical antibiotherapy. Klimik Dergisi 2014; 27(2): 62-8.

The resistance rates of urinary tract infections: data from year 2010

“…[2,3] UTIs are among the most frequently seen infectious diseases in the elderly, children, and especially in young women. [4] In the development of UTI, bacterial virulence is an important factor, however patient-related etiologies as old age, pregnancy, gender, presence of vesicoureteral reflux, status of the immune system, and urinary catheterization are also significant. [5] In communityacquired UTIs, E.coli is the most frequently encountered pathogen, however Klebsiella spp.…”

Investigation of antibiotic susceptibility rates and distributions of non-fermentative bacteria isolated from blood cultures

“…Temiz H ve ark. (27) yaptıkları çalışmada, Pseudomonas ve Acinetobacter suşlarında siprofloksasine sırasıyla %69.2 ve %42.9 duyarlılık olduğu görülmüştür. Çelik ve ark.…”

“…Çetin ve ark. (28) (12,14,27,29) . Seftazidime ise A. baumannii suşlarında %11-22, P. aeruginosa suşlarında %70-85 oranlarında duyarlılık olduğu görülmüştür (12,14,27,29) (3,14,(19)(20)(21)27,30) .…”

“…Seftazidime ise A. baumannii suşlarında %11-22, P. aeruginosa suşlarında %70-85 oranlarında duyarlılık olduğu görülmüştür (12,14,27,29) (3,14,(19)(20)(21)27,30) . Pseudomonas suşlarında ise tobramisine %70-89, amikasine %62-88, gentamisine %66-77 oranlarında duyarlılık olduğu görülmüştür (15,27,(30)(31)(32) . Bu sonuçlara göre, Acinetobacter suşlarında aminoglikozitlerin etkinliğinin düşmekte olduğu, fakat Pseudomonas suşlarında aminoglikozitlerin yüksek etkinliklerinin bulunduğu ve tedavide göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiği düşünülebilir.…”

Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Klebsiella Strains Isolated From Blood Cultures within a Five Year-Period in A Training and Research Hospital

“…Çoğu zaman sepsis olgularında kültür sonucu beklenememekte ve ampirik tedaviye başlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle ampirik tedavide yol göstermesi açısın-dan etken mikroorganizma ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarında oluşan değişiklikler her merkez tarafından sürekli olarak belirlenmelidir (9) . Çalış-mamızda, en fazla yoğun bakım ünitelerinde olmak üzere çeşitli kliniklerden gelen kan kültür örneklerinde saptamış olduğumuz Klebsiella enfeksiyonlarının antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları-nın göz önünde bulundurularak tedavinin yapıl-masına katkıda bulunmayı amaçladık.…”