Antibiotic Resistance in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common problem in pediatric patients. Resistance to common antibiotic agents appears to be increasing over time, although resistance rates may vary based on geographic region or country. Prior antibiotic exposure is a pertinent risk factor for acquiring resistant organisms during a first UTI and recurrent UTI. Judicious prescribing of antibiotics for common pediatric conditions is needed to prevent additional resistance from occurring. Complex pediatric patients with histories of hospitalizations, prior antibiotic exposure, and recurrent UTIs are also at high risk for acquiring UTIs due to extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms. Data regarding the impact of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing interpretation on UTI treatment outcomes is lacking.

Phylogenetic Group/Subgroups Distributions, Virulence Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Strains from Urinary Tract Infections in Hatay

“…In this study, nearly half of the isolates were resistant to the majority of the tested antimicrobials, with 34.6% of the strains demonstrating MDR, which is in agreement with previous studies conducted in different regions of Turkey 12,24 . In accordance with the results of the study, 67.3%, 50.9%, 45.1%, 45.1%, 38.7%, 36.6%, 35.9%, 35.9%, and 32.7% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefazolin, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, and norfloxacin, respectively, which are the first-line therapeutic agents used for UTI treatment 23,25 . These resistance rates may be explained by the frequent prescription of these antimicrobials in empirical treatment of UTIs.…”

High rates of multidrug resistance among uropathogenic Escherichia coli in children and analyses of ESBL producers from Nepal

“…However, compared to previous reports from Nepal, we observed a considerable increase in resistance against penicillins, aminoglycosides, quinolones and ceftriaxone [12, 31]. Lower rates of resistance among the pediatric isolates causing UTI have been documented in western countries [33]. …”

Bacterial Aetiology and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

“…12 Lower rates of resistance among the paediatric isolates causing UTI have been documented in western countries. 31 In the present study Klebsiella isolates showed resistance against broad spectrum cephalosporin, macrolides and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid which is consistent with the previous data of other communitybased studies. 32 The most potent drugs were gentamicin, imipenem, nitrofurantoin and levofloxacin.…”