Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow and goat milk produced in the Tiaret and Souk Ahras areas of Algeria

Abstract

Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infection in both humans and animals. Most livestock strains have shown antibiotic resistance to the many molecules used in veterinary therapeutics. This study aimed to assess the resistance patterns of these bacteria, we carried out our study in the Tiaret and Souk Ahras areas of Algeria. Materials and Methods: We collected 116 samples of bovine and goat milk to detect S. aureus. We used a selective media to isolate the strains, followed by biochemically identifying the isolates. We determined the susceptibility of the strains to antibiotic molecules using the disk diffusion method and confirmed the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: Our results showed that 26.72% of the samples were contaminated with S. aureus, and we recovered 31 isolates from the positive samples. We ascribed a high resistance profile to penicillin G (96.77%), fusidic acid (67.74%), and tobramycin (45.16%) and isolated 4MRSA strains. Conclusion: The presence of S. aureus, including MRSA strains in raw milk, can present a public health hazard, because these strains can cause widespread food poisoning . This finding will be useful to the veterinarians to choose an adequate treatment and to sensitize livestock breeders and milk producers to ensure the health of consumers.

Multidrug-resistant and enterotoxigenic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk of cows at small-scale production units

“…This is nearly similar to a recent study from Sharkia Governorate, Egypt (20%) [ 28 ]. Other studies conducted elsewhere, however, have recently reported a higher S. aureus prevalence; in China (43.1%) [ 13 ], Algeria (33.33%) [ 12 ], and Turkey (37.32%) [ 29 ]. Variations from country to country and even from region to region in the same country may be because of different sample sizes, antibiotics in animal husbandry, and hygiene standards for dairy cows.…”

“…Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin and oxacillin and cefoxitin (32%), oxytetracycline (16%), and norfloxacin (16%), and antibiotic resistance genes, blaZ (32%) , tetK (16%) , and norA (16%),were detected in consistency with the phenotypic profile ( Tables 3 and 4 ). Several studies, in recent years, have reported multiple resistances of S. aureus to a wide range of antibiotics, including β-lactams [ 12 , 13 , 30 , 31 ]. Consequently, β-lactam antibiotics are no longer effective in treating S. aureus infections.…”

“…Previous reports detected a very high rate of MRSA from cases of mastitis in Turkey (90%) [ 34 ] and Brazil (23.3%) [ 35 ]. However, many others have reported MRSA from normally appearing milk: 2.5% [ 36 ] and 0.7% [ 37 ]in Italy;56.1% inUganda [ 38 ], and 2.29% in Algeria [ 12 ]. The consumption of antibiotic-resistant bacteria-contaminated food is becoming a serious hazard to global public health.…”

“…The World Health Organization has listed MRSA, often known as “superbug” or “resistant staph,” as a high-priority organism for more research and treatment [ 11 ]. The emergence of livestock-associated MRSA (from livestock and their products) is alarming due to its increasing rate and the high risk of zoonotic transmission worldwide.These strains are to blame for therapeutic failures, limiting the options for treating serious infections [ 12 ].…”

Detection of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairies milk in Medowo Village of Kediri District, Indonesia

“…Fresh milk contaminated with S. aureus and antibiotic resistance can result in toxic shock syndrome (Tamendjari et al 2021). Furthermore, S. aureus infections brought on by resistant strains are more challenging to treat than infections brought on by non-resistant strains, and the bacteria do not react well to treatments therein (Chambers and Deleo 2009).…”