Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens and evaluation of empirical treatment in Turkish children with urinary tract infections

Yüksel, Selçuk; Öztürk, Burcu; Kavaz, Aslı; Özçakar, Z. Bı̇rsı̇n; Acar, Banu; Güriz, Haluk; Aysev, Derya; Ekı̇m, Mesı̇ha; Yalçınkaya, Fatoş

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.009

Cited by 105 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…[13] In our study 86.9% of the cases consisted of female children.In studies performed in various regions of the world mostly E. coli has been isolated in UTI. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Also in our country high rates of UTI with variations among regions have been reported. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Still, in our study as anticipated, gram-negative bacteria were the most frequently seen microbial agents, among this group mostly E. coli (64.5%) was isolated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As is the case in the whole world, enhanced resistance rates of E. coli against co-trimoxazole (43.6%) were detected in our study. [6,14,[18][19][20][21][22]26,[29][30][31][32][33] In studies performed hitherto, K. pneumonia has been isolated as a responsible uropathogen in 10% of the cases with UTI. [17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25][26]28,[32][33][34] In compliance with previous publications, antimicrobial resistance rate was detected as 12.1 percent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6,14,[18][19][20][21][22]26,[29][30][31][32][33] In studies performed hitherto, K. pneumonia has been isolated as a responsible uropathogen in 10% of the cases with UTI. [17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25][26]28,[32][33][34] In compliance with previous publications, antimicrobial resistance rate was detected as 12.1 percent. In a study reported from Tunisia, increased rates of antibiotic resistance of K. pneumonia were reported against amoxicillin/clavulanate, amoxicillin and cephalosporins in Tunisia, and and against nalidixic acid, and amoxicillin/clavulanate in Yemen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance in children with urinary tract infection in Sanliurfa

Abuhandan

Güzel

Oymak

et al. 2013

Turkish Journal of Urology

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic resistance in the province of Şanliurfa and to observe any difference between antibiotic resistance rates. Material and methods:The study comprised 107 children who presented at the pediatric polyclinic with complaints of urinary tract infection with the diagnosis of urinary tract infection and whose urine cultures exhibited bacterial growth. The patients were analyzed with respect to the frequency of proliferating pathogens, sensitivity to the antibiotics used and the rates of developed resistance to the antibiotics.Results: A total of 107 patients aged between 1 year and 15 years were included in the study, encompassing 14 (13.1%) males and 93 (86.9%) females. According to the urine culture results, proliferation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was observed in 69 (64.5%), Klebsiella spp. in 13 (12.1%), Proteus mirabilis in 9 (8.4%), Staphylococcus aureus in 5 (4.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 (4.7%), Acinetobacter spp. in 3 (2.8%) and Enterococcus spp. in 3 (2.8%) patients. For proliferating E. coli, high resistance rates to ceftriaxone (39.5%), nitrofurantoin (19.7%), ampicillin-sulbactam (64.1%), co-trimoxazole (41.5%), amoxicillinclavulanate (51.7%) and cefuroxime (38.1%) were observed. All of isolated microorganisms were resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate, co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and cefoxitin in decreasing frequencies. The most effective antimicrobial agents were determined to be imipenem, sulperazone, quinolone and aminoglycosides. Conclusion:In our region, parenteral antibiotics that should be selected for the empirical treatment of UTIs in all age groups are the aminoglycosides and 3 rd generation cephalosporines. In contrast to other studies, these results suggest that co-trimoxazole should be used for children aged 0-1, and 2 nd generation cephalosporins should be used for the oral treatment of children aged 1-5 due to the low rate of resistance to nitrofurantoin in patients aged over 5 years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance in children with urinary tract infection in Sanliurfa

Abuhandan

Güzel

Oymak

et al. 2013

Turkish Journal of Urology

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“…are one of the major aetiological agents involved in urinary tract infection, accounting for 6-15 % of all cases of community-acquired and hospitalacquired UTIs (Wilson & Gaido, 2004) and ranking second in certain groups of the population worldwide (Gales et al, 2000;Gupta et al, 2001;Yuksel et al, 2006). Since little information on the biofilm-forming capacity of UTIrelated klebsiellae is available, we tested this feature in a set of Klebsiella spp.…”

Section: Selected Abu Strains Out-compete a Prototypic Upec Strain Dumentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm exclusion of uropathogenic bacteria by selected asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strains

2007

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Many bacterial infections are associated with biofilm formation. In the urinary tract bacterial biofilms develop on both living surfaces and artificial implants, producing chronic and often intractable infections. Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with urinary tract infections. In contrast to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), which cause symptomatic urinary tract infection, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) strains are associated with essentially symptom-free infections. Here the biofilm-forming capacity on abiotic surfaces of selected E. coli ABU strains and UPEC strains in human urine was investigated. It was found that there is a strong bias for biofilm formation by the ABU strains. Not only were the ABU strains significantly better biofilm formers than UPEC strains, they were also able to out-compete UPEC strains as well as uropathogenic strains of Klebsiella spp. during biofilm formation. The results support the notion of bacterial prophylaxis employing selected ABU strains to eliminate UPEC strains and other pathogens in patients prone to recalcitrant infections. INTRODUCTIONUrinary tract infection (UTI) is a serious health problem affecting millions of people each year. It is estimated that there are about 150 million cases in the world per year (Stamm & Norrby, 2001). The recurrence rate is high and often the infections tend to become chronic with many episodes. UTI usually starts as a bladder infection but often evolves to encompass the kidneys and ultimately can result in renal failure or dissemination to the blood. UTI is the most common infection in patients with a chronic indwelling bladder catheter; bacteriuria is essentially unavoidable in this patient group (Foxman, 2002). UTI is classified into disease categories by the site of infection: cystitis (the bladder), pyelonephritis (the kidney) and bacteriuria (the urine). The colonization of urine in the absence of clinical symptoms is called asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU). ABU occurs in up to 6 % of healthy individuals and 20 % of elderly individuals. As the name implies, ABU strains generally do not cause symptoms; most patients with ABU do not need treatment and in many cases the colonizing organism actually helps to prevent infection by other more virulent bacteria (Darouiche et al., 2001). Escherichia coli is responsible for more than 80 % of all UTIs and causes both ABU and symptomatic UTI (Ronald, 2003). Generally, such infections are caused by a single bacterial clone and are in effect mono-cultures. Based on the symptoms they produce, UTI E. coli can be divided into ABU E. coli and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains.Many bacteria live as sessile communities adhered to surfaces, rather than as planktonic isolated cells. These compact microbial consortia, referred to as biofilms, are commonly associated with many economic and health problems (Costerton et al., 1999). In medicine, biofilmassociated infections have a major impact on permanent and temporary artificial implants placed in the human body, often with devastating con...

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“…4). Studies in Croatia, neighboring countries and world population show even higher percentage of bacterial resistance 3,5,7,[22][23][24][25][26] . As the highest resistance is recorded in neonates, single ampicillin administration cannot be recommended 27 .…”

Section: Antibiotics/urinary Antisepticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Therapy of Urinary Tract Infections in Children in Croatia

Milošević

2016

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SUMMARY -Resistance to chemotherapeutics used in the treatment of urinary tract infection is increasing throughout the world. Taking into account clinical experiences, as well as current bacterial resistance in Croatia and neighboring countries, the selection of antibiotic should be the optimal one. Treatment of urinary tract infection in children is particularly demanding due to their age and inclination to severe systemic reaction and renal scarring. If parenteral antibiotics are administered initially, it should be switched to oral medication as soon as possible. Financial aspects of antimicrobial therapy are also very important with the main goal to seek the optimal cost/benefi t ratio. Financial orientation must appreciate the basic primum non nocere as a conditio sine qua non postulate as well.

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Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens and evaluation of empirical treatment in Turkish children with urinary tract infections

Cited by 105 publications

References 14 publications

Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance in children with urinary tract infection in Sanliurfa

Antibiotic sensitivity and resistance in children with urinary tract infection in Sanliurfa

Biofilm exclusion of uropathogenic bacteria by selected asymptomatic bacteriuria Escherichia coli strains

Rational Therapy of Urinary Tract Infections in Children in Croatia

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