Antibiotic resistance patterns of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from faecal wastes in the environment and contaminated surface water

Abstract

The Pseudomonas genus, which includes environmental and pathogenic species, is known to present antibiotic resistances, and can receive resistance genes from multi-resistant enteric bacteria released into the environment via faecal rejects. This study was aimed to investigate the resistome of Pseudomonas populations that have been in contact with these faecal bacteria. Thus, faecal discharges originating from human or cattle were sampled (from 12 points and two sampling campaigns) and 41 Pseudomonas species identified (316 isolates studied). The resistance phenotype to 25 antibiotics was determined in all isolates, and we propose a specific antibiotic resistance pattern for 14 species (from 2 to 9 resistances). None showed resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, or polymyxins. Four species carried a very low number of resistances, with none to β-lactams. Interestingly, we observed the absence of the transcriptional activator soxR gene in these four species. No plasmid transfer was highlighted by conjugation assays, and a few class 1 but no class 2 integrons were detected in strains that may have received resistance genes from Enterobacteria. These results imply that the contribution of the Pseudomonas genus to the resistome of an ecosystem first depends on the structure of the Pseudomonas populations, as they may have very different resistance profiles.

High prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria isolated from Municipal Solid Waste Dumpsite, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

“…The contribution of Pseudomonas spp. to the environmental resistome is also large [7], which is also shown in this study.…”

“…The soil environments, particularly waste dumpsite soils are scarcely investigated for ABR. However, growing interests are shown in the understanding of natural antibiotic resistome [1,7]. Environmental resistome can be a reservoir of resistance genes from which pathogenic bacteria could gain antibiotic resistance genes [7].…”

Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant, toxic metal-tolerant and biofilm-forming bacteria in hospital surroundings

“…P. aeruginosa and Bacillus sp. reported in the present study are ubiquitous in hospital wastewater discharges, acquiring a wide range of resistance towards antibiotics, heavy metals and other contaminants [55][56][57]. The occurrence of C. davisae in healthcare-associated infections has also been reported by many researchers [13,12].…”

Reliable Identification of Environmental Pseudomonas Isolates Using the rpoD Gene

“…However, these methodologies are time-consuming, demanding, and/or expensive, particularly in the case of large environmental studies with hundreds or thousands of isolates. Consequently, the use of the 16S rRNA gene to identify Pseudomonas isolates remains relevant despite being prone to misidentifications, as observed frequently in public databases [ 21 , 22 ].…”