Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Isolates of Postoperative Wound Infections and Bacteriology of Surgical Site Infections: a Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: The goal of this research was to look at the microorganisms that cause infections on surgical site & their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Study design: Cross sectional study Place & duration: This study was conducted at National Hospital and Medical Center Lahore, Pakistan from December 2019 to December 2020 Methodology: Surgical site infection samples were taken from patients who complained of post-operative discomfort, edema, drainage, and a delayed or non-healing wound. Following routine protocol, two swabs were taken from each patient’s surgery site. After 18-24 hours of incubation at 35°C-37°C, the diameter of antibiotic discs was classified & measured as sensitive (S), intermediate (I), or resistant (R) Results: According to the data, 60 (56.07 percent) of 107 samples acquired from post-operative patients with symptoms of wound infection indicated single isolates, 13 (12.14 percent) revealed multiple isolates, and 34 (31.77 percent) samples revealed no bacterial growth. In all, 86 isolates have been identified, including 29 (33.7%) Gram +ve and 57 (66.3%) Gram -ve organisms. Gram positive bacteria were very susceptible to vancomycin & linezolid (100%) and gentamicin (79.3%), while Polymyxin B (94.7%), as well as imipenem, were extremely vulnerable to Gram negative bacteria (79.3 percent ). Conclusion: The most prevalent organisms identified from the surgical site infection were Staphylococcus aureus (MAAS) and E.coli. Microorganisms, both gram positive and gram negative, acquired resistance to more regularly used medications such as penicillin, cephalosporins, and even cost-effective quinolones, according to the findings of this research. Keywords: surgical site infection, hospital acquired infections, gram +ve bacteria, gram –ve bacteria, antibiotics