2002
DOI: 10.1081/abio-120005768
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Antibiotics as Growth Promotants:mode of Action

Abstract: Recent concerns about the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in pig diets have renewed interest in the immunologic and growth-regulating functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The numerically dense and metabolically active microbiota ofthe pig GI tract represents a key focal point for such questions. The intestinal microbiota is viewed typically as a beneficial entity for the host. Intestinal bacteria provide both nutritional and defensive functions for their host. However, the host animal invests subs… Show more

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Cited by 485 publications
(357 citation statements)
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“…Antibiotics are used extensively in animals to treat, prevent microbial infections and promote growth (Cromwell, 2002;Gaskins et al, 2002;Kummerer, 2009;Sarmah et al, 2006). In China, 210,000 tons of antibiotics are produced every year, of which 48% is applied in agriculture and livestock industry .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Antibiotics are used extensively in animals to treat, prevent microbial infections and promote growth (Cromwell, 2002;Gaskins et al, 2002;Kummerer, 2009;Sarmah et al, 2006). In China, 210,000 tons of antibiotics are produced every year, of which 48% is applied in agriculture and livestock industry .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The routine uses of low-doses or subtherapeutic-levels of antibiotics often referred to as Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) in broiler feed have been a common practice for more than 50 years to prevent potential disease as well as to robust gut health, increase meat yield and improve feed efficiency of broilers (Gaskins et al, 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Antibiotics are used extensively in humans and animals to treat microbial infections, and also as feed additive to promote growth of livestock animals (Cromwell, 2002;Gaskins et al, 2002;Sarmah et al, 2006;Kummerer, 2009). In the United States, the annual usage of antibiotics are approximately 22 700 tons and 13067 tons are administered for animals, agriculture and aquaculture (FDA, 2009;Kummerer, 2009).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%