Antibiotics susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from American and German cockroaches as potential vectors of microbial pathogens in hospitals

Fakoorziba, Mohammad Reza; Shahriari-Namadi, Marziae; Moemenbellah‐Fard, Mohammad Djaefar; Hatam, Gholamreza; Azizi, Kourosh; Amin, Masoumeh; Motevasel, Maryam

doi:10.1016/s2222-1808(14)60728-3

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Many cockroaches have been sampled in hospitals and health centers, and given the nature of the bacteria cultivated from these species, the insects have been blamed for nosocomial infections (Fakoorziba et al 2014;Fotedar et al 1991;Gliniewicz et al 2003;Pai et al 2004;Tilahun et al 2012). Two classical studies linked the eradication of cockroaches in health centers to a lower frequency of infections, particularly with Salmonella typhimurium (Graffar and Mertens 1950), and to lower rates of hepatitis (Tarshis 1962).…”

Section: General Outlook For Cockroach-associated Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…americana and Blatte. germanica (Akinjogunla et al 2012;Cruden and Markovetz 1987;Fakoorziba et al 2014;Oothuman et al 1989;Rampal et al 1983;Roth and Willis 1960;Strand and Brooks 1977;Wannigama et al 2014). Other cockroaches including Blatta orientalis (Burgess et al 1973) and Eublaberus posticus and Supella longipalpa (Le Guyader et al 1989) have also been the subject of multiple cultivation studies (Cruden and Markovetz 1987;Roth and Willis 1960;Strand and Brooks 1977).…”

Section: Cultivation-dependent Vs Cultivation-independent Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Guzman

Vilcinskas

2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Cockroaches have existed for 300 million years and more than 4600 extant species have been described. Throughout their evolution, cockroaches have been associated with bacteria, and today Blattabacterium species flourish within specialized bacteriocytes, recycling nitrogen from host waste products. Cockroaches can disseminate potentially pathogenic bacteria via feces and other deposits, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, but also Staphylococcus and Mycobacterium species, and thus, they should be cleared from sites where hygiene is essential, such as hospitals and kitchens. On the other hand, cockroaches also carry bacteria that may produce metabolites or proteins with potential industrial applications. For example, an antibiotic-producing Streptomyces strain was isolated from the gut of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. Other cockroach-associated bacteria, including but not limited to Bacillus, Enterococcus, and Pseudomonas species, can also produce bioactive metabolites that may be suitable for development as pharmaceuticals or plant protection products. Enzymes that degrade industrially relevant substrates, or that convert biomasses into useful chemical precursors, are also expressed in cockroach-derived bacteria and could be deployed for use in the food/feed, paper, oil, or cosmetics industries. The analysis of cockroach gut microbiomes has revealed a number of lesser-studied bacteria that may form the basis of novel taxonomic groups. Bacteria associated with cockroaches can therefore be dangerous or useful, and this review explores the bacterial clades that may provide opportunities for biotechnological exploitation. Key points • Members of the Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequently cultivated bacteria from cockroaches. • Cultivation-independent studies have revealed a diverse community, led by the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. • Although cockroaches may carry pathogenic bacteria, most strains are innocuous and may be useful for biotechnological applications.

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Section: General Outlook For Cockroach-associated Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cultivation-dependent Vs Cultivation-independent Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Guzman

Vilcinskas

2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…Cockroaches are common in many households and are known to harbor an array of pathogens, some of which may be carriers of drug-resistance determinants including beta-lactamases [19–23]. They often reside in household sewage pipe systems, which are a repository of diverse infectious microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Household cockroaches carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producing enterobacteria, and share beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThis study was designed to investigate whether household cockroaches harbor cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria that share resistance determinants with human inhabitants. From February through July 2016, whole cockroach homogenates and human fecal samples from 100 households were cultured for cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteria (CRe). The CRe were examined for plasmid-mediated AmpC, ESBL, and carbapenemase genes; antibiotic susceptibility patterns; and conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Clonal associations between CRe were determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).ResultsTwenty CRe were recovered from whole cockroach homogenates from 15 households. The prevalence of households with cockroaches that harbored CRe, AmpC- (based on phenotype, with no identifiable blaAmpC genes), ESBL-, and carbapenemase-producers were 15, 4, 5%(2 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1; 1 blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4; 1 blaTEM-24; 1 blaSHV-4) and 3%(2 blaNDM-1 genes and 1 blaOXA-48 gene), respectively. Overall, 20 CRe were recovered from 61 fecal samples of inhabitants from all 15 households that had cockroach samples positive for CRe. Of these, 5CRe (1 per household) were positive for ESBLs (blaTEM-24, blaTEM-14, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-4, blaSHV-3, blaCTX-M-15/TEM-1) and none carried AmpCs or carbapenemases. From 4% of households, the pair of cockroach and human CRe shared the same sequence type (ST), clonal complex (CC), antibiogram, and conjugable bla gene sequence (house 34, E. coli ST9/CC20-blaTEM-4; house 37, E. coli ST44/CC10-blaCTX-15/TEM-4; house 41, E. coli ST443/CC205-blaCTX-15/TEM-1; house 49, K. pneumoniae ST231/CC131-blaSHV-13).ConclusionThe findings provide evidence that household cockroaches may carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producers, and share clonal relationship and beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans.

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“…Prior to its first description in Algeria, Poirel et al suggested that OXA-48 may be endemic in this country (34). The huge spread of CTX-M-15 ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and the emergence of OXA-48-type carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Algerian hospitals may explain the carriage of such drug-resistant bacteria by hospital cockroaches through their particular feeding habits (3,4,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as Reservoirs of CTX-M-15 Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Batna University Hospital, Algeria

Loucif

Gacemi-Kirane

Cherak

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Here we report the isolation of extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL)-and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from German cockroaches caught in the burn unit of Batna University Hospital in Algeria. Nine of 12 isolates harbored the bla CTX-M-15 ESBL gene. One Enterobacter cloacae isolate belonging to sequence type 528 coexpressed the bla OXA-48 , bla CTX-M-15 , and bla TEM genes. Our findings indicate that cockroaches may be one of the most dangerous reservoirs for ESBL and carbapenemase producers in hospitals.T he emergence of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDRE) and their dissemination in hospitals have become a major health concern worldwide (1). The production of ␤-lactamases such as extended-spectrum ␤-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase remains the main mechanism of resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (2). Algeria is now feaures among the Mediterranean countries known to be affected by the spread of CTX-M-15 type ESBL and the emergence of the phantom menace OXA-48 type carbapenemase (3, 4). Indeed, the transmission and dissemination of MDRE in hospitals are usually related to hand contact (5) and poorly sterilized instruments (6). However, cockroaches which colonize these environments may also act as potential mechanical vectors of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (7). Cockroaches are among the most prevalent pests in hospitals, where they are attracted by moisture, food, and suitable temperatures (8, 9). The medical significance of cockroaches has been largely overlooked, but it has been proven that they can harbor a number of pathogenic microorganisms with different levels of antibiotic resistance (10). Blattella germanica is the most abundant cockroach species (11), and the external surfaces and excrement of these cockroaches can contaminate food, human habitats, and hospital equipment; therefore, these insects can present a threat to human health (12).The aim of our study was to screen for broad-spectrum-cephalosporin-and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in B. germanica cockroaches collected from the burn unit of Batna University Hospital in Algeria and then to investigate the molecular support of ESBL and carbapenemase production.In March 2015, 10 cockroaches were randomly captured from different parts of the burn unit, including the kitchen and the guard, treatment, and patient rooms, directly in sterile containers. Samples were immobilized by freezing at 0°C for 10 min (8). Each cockroach was soaked in 5 ml of Tween 80 solution at 0.05% and vortexed vigorously for 2 min. The resulting wash was used as an external-body-homogenate sample. To remove the external body contamination, cockroaches were immersed in bleach for 2 min, in sterile physiological saline for 2 min, and then in 70% ethanol for 5 min (12). Then, each sample was washed with sterile physiological saline. Subsequently, the insect was soaked in a sterile bottle containing 5 ml of Tween 80 solution at 0.05% and then crushed inside using a sterile pestle. The triturate was then vortexed vigorously for 2 min. The resulting s...

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Antibiotics susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from American and German cockroaches as potential vectors of microbial pathogens in hospitals

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Bacteria associated with cockroaches: health risk or biotechnological opportunity?

Household cockroaches carry CTX-M-15-, OXA-48- and NDM-1-producing enterobacteria, and share beta-lactam resistance determinants with humans

First Report of German Cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as Reservoirs of CTX-M-15 Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase- and OXA-48 Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Batna University Hospital, Algeria

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