Antibodies against H1N1 influenza virus cross‐react with α‐cells of pancreatic islets

Abstract

Epidemiological studies have documented that the incidence of human type 1 diabetes was significantly increased after H1N1 epidemic. However, a direct link between human type 1 diabetes and virus infection remains elusive. We generated 84 clones of murine monoclonal antibodies against the H1N1, and carried out immunohistochemistry in normal human tissue microarray. The results showed that two clones specifically cross‐reacted with human α‐cells of pancreatic islets. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing showed that the amino acid sequences of light and heavy chains of these clones were different. Importantly, the expression profiles of two monoclonal antibodies were individual different. For the first time, we provide direct evidence that monoclonal antibodies against H1N1 can cross‐react with human pancreas α‐cells, another source of β‐cells, suggesting α‐cells might be a novel target to be investigated in diabetes research.

Pandemic influenza and subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study

“…However, there was also increased risk of type 1 diabetes after influenza in the following season (2010–2011), where influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus and influenza B co-dominated (albeit with slightly more influenza B) [ 36 ]. It is also possible that the 2009 pandemic influenza strain has stronger tropism for pancreatic cells than other influenza strains [ 37 ]. The immunological response to influenza infection with different severity and with different virus strains may differ and is not well understood [ 38 ].…”

Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity

“…CMV or rotavirus infection may induce cross-reactive T cells to pancreatic autoantigens [138,139], whereas for coxsackie virus (CV) such findings are inconsistent [137]. 88 Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity K review Recently, Qi et al [140] stained pancreatic tissue with monoclonal antibodies specific for different influenza HA epitopes. Two distinct antibodies were cross-reactive to human pancreatic α-cells, but not β-cells (Table 2).…”

“…mAbs[140] ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone, ADEM Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis, Ad Adenovirus, AGP Axon guidance proteins, CD Celiac disease, Col IVCollagenIV, CoV Coronavirus, CV Coxsackie virus, GBS Guillain-Barré Syndrome, GM1 Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside, GM3 Monosialodihexosylganglioside, HA Hemagglutinin, HCRTr2 Hypocretin Receptor 2, IV Influenza virus, HPIV Parainfluenza virus, mAbs monoclonal antibodies, MBP Myelin Basic Protein, MOG Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, MYHC-α cardiac myosin heavy chain-α, NA Neuraminidase, NMDA A2 N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor A2 subunit, ORF Open Reading Frame, RSV Respiratory syncytial virus, SS Sjögren Syndrome, TRIB2 Tribbles homolog 2, T1DM Type 1 diabetes mellitus bold Amino acids in common between two epitopes review ral vectors can impede successful vaccination. Frahm et al…”

Respiratory virus-induced heterologous immunity

“…Pre-existing HA 391-410 -speci c CD4 + T m cells showed expansion a er seasonal IV vaccination. ese T m cells expanded a er stimulation with the Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis)-derived hypothetical protein [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130] -and the Finegoldia magna (F. magna)derived hypothetical protein [131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143] peptide in vitro (Tab. 1).…”

“…Recently, Qi et al [140] stained pancreatic tissue with monoclonal antibodies speci c for di erent inuenza HA epitopes. Two distinct antibodies were cross-reactive to human pancreatic α-cells, but not β-cells (Tab.…”