Antibodies to gliadin detected by immunofluorescence and a micro-ELISA method: markers of active childhood and adult coeliac disease.

Abstract

SUMMARY Antibodies to gliadin have been detected by immunofluorescence (IFL-AGA) and a micro-ELISA method (ELISA-AGA) in 45 out of 47 (96%) sera from patients with active childhood and adult coeliac disease. The two methods were more sensitive than R1-reticulin antibodies (R1-ARA) which were found only in 28 of the same patients (60%). R1-ARA were always negative in the 26 sera from patients with childhood coeliac disease and adult coeliac disease after gluten free diet, while IFL-and ELISA-AGA were respectively found in three (12%) and in four (15%) out of these patients. Moreover, while R1-ARA and IFL-AGA were strictly confined to coeliac disease, ELISA-AGA were occasionally found in patients with control diseases. These 'false positive' antibodies were all of IgG class and had low titres. In our experience IFL-and ELISA-AGA of IgA class were strictly confined to active childhood coeliac disease and adult coeliac disease. The detection of AGA is useful in monitoring the diet and in the follow up of coeliac disease. IFL-and ELISA-AGA, then, are to be preferred to R1-ARA for the screening of coeliac patients.Circulating antibodies to reticulin and gliadin have been described in sera from patients with childhood and adult coeliac disease. 2 R1-reticulin antibodies (R1-ARA), detected by immunofluorescence, have been detected in active childhood coeliac disease and adult coeliac disease with a prevalence varying from 36% to 78% .f6

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Small Intestine during gluten-Challenge in Celiac Disease.

“…Gluten challenge was performed by the uncontrolled administration of gluten-containing food. For monitoring the duration of the challenge, we evaluated the increase of serum levels of IgA or IgG AGA; the serum AGA levels were assessed according to a standard immunoenzymatic method (VOLTA et al, 1985).…”

IgA subclass antibodies to gliadin in serum and intestinal juice of patients with coeliac disease

“…Anti-secretory component IgA AGA were also detected in sera ofthe 37 patients with adult coeliac disease by a modification of the indirect immunofluorescence method previously described (Volta et al, 1985), using as antisera a sheep anti-human secretory IgA (The Binding Site) and in the next step, a fluorescein-conjugated rabbit anti-sheep serum (Dako). Patients' serum and antisera were used at the dilution of 1/10.…”

“…Sera and intestinal juice samples were investigated for IgA, IgAl, IgA2 and anti-secretory component IgA AGA by a micro-ELISA, previously described (Volta et al, 1985), using as antigen crude giiadin (Sigma) at a concentration of 0-1 mg/ml, and as antisera commercially available alkaline phosphataseconjugated anti-human IgA (Sigma), IgAl, IgA2 and antisecretory component IgA (The Binding Site, Birmingham, UK). Patients' serum and jejunal juice were tested at the dilution of 1/ 50, while the antiserum working dilution was 1/1000 for serum IgA, IgAl and anti-secretory component IgA AGA, and 1/200 for serum IgA2 AGA, 1/1000 for intestinal IgA and antisecretory IgA AGA, 1/200 for intestinal IgAl AGA and 1/100 for intestinal IgA2 AGA.…”

Serum antigliadin antibody levels as a screening criterion before jejunal biopsy indication for celiac disease in a developing country

“…Many studies have used groups of adults as control, some of them without a jejunal biopsy (4,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). In general, antigliadin IgA has proven to be more specific for celiac disease.…”

“…Valuable experience has been obtained with the quantitation of antigliadin antibodies as an additional diagnostic method in several developed countries (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). This method helps to prevent the lack of detection of cases of celiac disease and also to avoid many unnecessary jejunal biopsies.…”